Uma sikhuluma ngesitho sangaphakathi esikhulu kunazo zonke, sibhekisela esibindini, isitho esibalulekile esinomthwalo wokucubungula izakhamzimba, ukuphatha amandla omzimba , nokususa ubuthi okungafanele bube khona. Kodwa-ke, kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi lesi sitho siqale ukuqongelela amafutha ngendlela engavamile, okuholela kulokho esikwaziyo ngokuthi isifo sesibindi esinamafutha, isimo esingabonakala isikhathi eside.
Isici esibucayi kakhulu sale nqubo ukuthi, nakuba kungase kubonakale kungenangozi ekuqaleni, ukuqongelela kwamafutha kungacasula izicubu. Lokhu kuvuvukala kwesibindi yikho okubeka impilo engozini ngempela, ngoba uma kungamiswanga ngesikhathi, kungaholela ekuqhekekeni okungapheli okwaziwa ngokuthi i-fibrosis noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-cirrhosis noma ngisho nomdlavuza , okubangela ukuba isibindi siyeke ukusebenza kahle.
Izinhlobo zesibindi esinamafutha kanye nomehluko wazo
Akuzona zonke isibindi esinamafutha ezifanayo. Okokuqala, kukhona uhlobo olungenalo utshwala, olungahlobene nokusetshenziswa kotshwala. Ngaphakathi kwalesi sigaba, sithola isibindi esinamafutha esilula , lapho kukhona khona amafutha kodwa kungekho monakalo weseli noma ukuvuvukala, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile akubangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa qaphela ukuthi kukhona ne -steatohepatitis engeyona utshwala (NASH ), okuyisimo lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala kanye nomonakalo weseli, futhi kungadlulela ezigabeni eziyingozi kakhulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona isifo sesibindi esinamafutha abangelwa utshwala. Lapha, imbangela ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile , njengoba ukuwohloka kwalo emzimbeni kukhiqiza izinto ezinobuthi ezihlasela ngqo amangqamuzana esibindi. Le nqubo yenza buthaka izivikelo zomzimba futhi ibangele ukuvuvukala okukhulu. Yisigaba sokuqala sesifo sesibindi esibangelwa utshwala, esingathuthuka ngokushesha sibe yi-hepatitis noma i-cirrhosis yotshwala uma ukuphuza utshwala kungamiswa ngokushesha.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nalesi sifo?
Namuhla, kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe ingxenye yesine yabantu emhlabeni ihlushwa yile nkinga. Nakuba kungekho imbangela eyodwa eqinisekile, siyazi ukuthi ivame kakhulu kubantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele ngokweqile , kanye nalabo abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 noma i-cholesterol ephezulu. I-Metabolic syndrome empeleni iyimbangela eyinhloko yalesi sifo.
Uma kwenzeka isifo sesibindi esinamafutha amaningi ngenxa yotshwala, ingozi isobala: abantu abaphuza njalo futhi abaphuza isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, kunezici ezenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu, njengokuba ngowesifazane, ukuba noshintsho oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo , noma ukukhuluphala ngasikhathi sinye, okusheshisa ukulimala kwezicubu.
Izimpawu nezixwayiso
Into eyinkimbinkimbi ngalezi zifo ukuthi "ziyathula." Iningi labantu aliboni lutho kuze kube yilapho isifo sesiqhubeke kakhulu. Uma kuvela izimpawu, ezivame kakhulu ukukhathala okuqhubekayo kanye nomuzwa wokusinda noma ukungakhululeki esiswini esingaphezulu kwesokudla, lapho isibindi sikhona khona.
Uma izinto ziba zimbi futhi ziqhubekela phambili ekubeni yi-cirrhosis, izimpawu ziba sobala kakhulu. Singase siqaphele ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, i-jaundice (lapho isikhumba namehlo ephenduka aphuzi), kanye nokulunywa okukhulu. Ama-Ascites, okuyiwona ngokuyinhloko aqoqana uketshezi esiswini nasemilenzeni, nawo avamile, kanye nokudideka kwengqondo okungenzeka ngenxa ye-hepatic encephalopathy.
Isikhumba njengesibuko sesibindi
Abantu abaningi abakwazi lokhu, kodwa isimo sesikhumba sethu singasinika izinkomba ezicacile ngesimo sesibindi sethu. Uma kukhona ukuvuvukala komzimba, isithiyo sokuvikela isikhumba siyalimala, okwenza sibe bucayi kakhulu. Kuvamile ukuqaphela ukulunywa okukhulu kanye nokuvela kwemithambo yegazi emincane, evulekile evela esithweni noma ebusweni.
Ezinye izimpawu zesikhumba zifaka phakathi i-palmar erythema (izintende zezandla ezibomvu kakhulu), i-xanthomas (ama-fatty amancane aphuzi ahlala emajwabu amehlo noma ezindololwaneni), kanye nokulunywa njalo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokujiya kwegazi. Kwabesifazane, lokhu kungabonakala nangokukhula kwezinwele zobuso noma ukuqubuka kwama-acne ngokuzumayo. Ezimweni zotshwala, isikhumba sivame ukubonakala siphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, somile, futhi siqinile.
Kufinyelelwa kanjani ekuxilongweni?
Njengoba ngokuvamile kungekho zimpawu ezicacile, odokotela bavame ukusola ukuthi isifo sesibindi esinamafutha uma bebona ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungajwayelekile kwenziwa ngezinye izizathu. Inqubo iqala ngomlando wezokwelapha oningiliziwe kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuhlola i- hepatomegaly (isibindi esikhulu). Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kulinganiswe ama-enzyme i-ALT ne-AST, yize kwaziwa ukuthi abantu abaningi abanesibindi esinamafutha banamazinga ajwayelekile ala ma-enzyme.
Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe kubalulekile. I-ultrasound yesisu iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu ngoba ayibizi futhi ilula, yize inemikhawulo ezimweni ezincane. Kunezinketho ezinembile kakhulu, njenge-CT scans, i-MRI, noma i-liver elastography (i-FibroScan) , elinganisa ukuqina kwesitho ukuze kutholakale ukuthi i-fibrosis ikhona yini. Indinganiso yegolide ihlala i-biopsy yesibindi, yize, ngenxa yemvelo yayo yokuhlasela, inconywa kuphela ezimweni ezinobungozi obukhulu noma lapho kunokungabaza okukhulu.
Ukwelashwa kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila
Njengamanje, ayikho iphilisi lomlingo elivunyelwe ngqo ukwelapha isifo sesibindi esinamafutha, ngakho-ke isihluthulelo ukubhekana nembangela eyinhloko. Ngenguqulo engeyona eyotshwala, indlela ephumelela kakhulu ukwehlisa isisindo kancane kancane (phakathi kuka-5% no-10% wesisindo somzimba). Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokushesha (ngaphezu kuka-1,6 kg ngesonto) kungaba yinto engaphumeleli futhi kwandise ukuvuvukala.
Ukudla okunempilo kuyitshe lesisekelo. Kunconywa ukulandela ukudla kwaseMedithera , okucebile ngezithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, namafutha omnqumo, ngenkathi unciphisa ushukela ocolisisiwe namafutha agcwele. Ukuze wenze imiphumela ibe ngcono, ungabheka ishadi lamakhalori okudla . Ngokuphathelene nokuzivocavoca, kungcono ukuthi uhlose okungenani imizuzu engu-150 yomsebenzi we-aerobic olinganiselayo ngesonto ukuze uthuthukise ukuzwela kwe-insulin futhi unciphise amafutha esibindi.
Kulabo abahlushwa uhlobo lotshwala, okuwukuphela kwendlela yangempela ukuyeka ngokuphelele . Ezimweni zokukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukuhlinzwa kwe-bariatric kungaba yindlela esebenzayo yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokubuyisela emuva ezinye ze-fibrosis. Ngokuphathelene nemithi, kusetshenziswa i-metformin noma i-thiazolidinediones uma kukhona isifo sikashukela, kanti i-vitamin E igcinelwe abantu abadala abangebona abanesifo sikashukela abanokuvuvukala okuqinisekiswe yi-biopsy, njalo ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuqinile kwezokwelapha.
Kubalulekile ukugcina imijovo yomkhuhlane kanye ne-hepatitis A kanye ne-B isesikhathini, njengoba ukutheleleka okwengeziwe ngaphezu kwesibindi esesonakele kakade kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwesibindi okuphelele. Ngokufanayo, umuntu kufanele aqaphele kakhulu ngezithasiselo zemvelo noma zezitshalo , ehlola ukuthi kungcono yini ukuzithatha esiswini esingenalutho noma ngokudla , njengoba eminye imithi ebonakala ingenangozi ingaba yingozi kwesibindi futhi ibhebhethekise isimo.
Ukugcina ibhalansi phakathi kokudla okunempilo, ukulawula izifo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nokuzivocavoca njalo kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha ukunqwabelana kwamafutha nokuvimbela ukuwohloka kwezicubu zesibindi okungenakuguqulwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lesi sihlungi semvelo somzimba siyaqhubeka nokusebenza kahle iminyaka eminingi.