Ngokulandelana kwencazelo, singabona ukuhlela njengeqembu lamasu okumele asetshenziselwe ukufinyelela inhloso esunguliwe. Kubalulekile ukuthi la macebo athuthukiswe kulandela isitayela somsebenzi esibanzi lapho kuhlala khona izinto eziningana. Okokuqala kufanele uhlaziye isimo esithile ukuze uqhubeke ubheke izinhloso ofuna ukuzifeza ukufinyelela leyo nhloso.
Uma sithatha njengesibonelo umuntu ofuna ikhanda endaweni ethileKumele uqale unqume ukuthi ufuna ukuya kusiphi isiza; Uma usunqumile, kufanele uthathe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze ufike lapho.
Ngenxa yokuhlela, abantu bayakwazi ukufeza izinhloso ezibekiwe. Isikhathi esibathathayo ukufeza lezi zinhloso singahluka ngokuya ngomuntu, amakhono abo athile nolwazi olungabashukumisela kuleyo nhloso yesici. Ziyasebenza futhi nezinsizakusebenza ezitholakala kumuntu ngamunye ukufeza lokho ezikufunayo kufanele zicatshangelwe.
Ukuhlela kuhlukaniswe ngezinto ezimbili ezibalulekile. Ingahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kepha okubaluleke kakhulu kuvela ukuthi kube iqhinga futhi kube nesu. Ukuhlela ngamasu kungenziwa ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi kwenzeka kakhulu lapho kufanele unqobe umcimbi ongalindelekile ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukuhlelwa kwamasu yilokho okuthatha isikhathi esithe xaxa futhi kwenzeka lapho ufuna ukwenza ukuhlaziya okukhulu kakhulu kwezinto ezidingekayo, futhi ezaziwayo ukuthi zidinga isikhathi. Kokukodwa kwalezi zimbili lezi zimiso ziyadingeka, kepha yiyona ehlelekile ekuvumela ukuthi uyihlanganise nesikhathi esengeziwe esitholakalayo nangendlela ebanzi.
Kungani sihlela?
Abantu abaningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi babuze lo mbuzo ofanayo. Ezikhathini eziningi singacabanga ukuthi izinto esizifezayo, esikhathini esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside, zilethwa kithina kuphela ngobuhle bendawo yonke noma ngezenzo esizenzayo ngaphandle kokuhlela kwangaphambili. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele, ngoba Ngisho nemininingwane emincane kakhulu idinga ukuhlelwa.
Isibonelo: Uma ulungisa inkomishi elula yokusanhlamvu ekuseni, ungahle ucabange ukuthi awuhlelanga lutho, kepha iqiniso elilula lokuvuka nokwazi ukuthi yini uzoba nesidlo sasekuseni sekuvele kuyisu uqobo, futhi ukuthatha izinsizakusebenza nokuzisebenzisa kuyingxenye yokuhlela. Abantu bahlela ngaso sonke isikhathi ukugwema ukuthatha izingozi ezingadingekile nokwenza izinto esizenzayo ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Uma kukhulunywa ngokuhlelwa kokuphatha, izinto zithatha ukuphenduka okuxakile futhi kufanele sibheke ezimisweni ezithile ezaziwa njengezimiso zokuhlela ukwenza izinto zingabekezeleleki nje kuphela, kepha futhi zisebenze kangcono. Lapha sizohlaziya ukuthi ziyini lezi zimiso, ukuzisebenzisa lapho senza izinkampani namaphrojekthi ethu.
Emkhakheni wokufunda nokufundaSihlela njalo, noma ngabe sivame ukungakuqapheli ngokugcwele. Ukunquma ukuthi sizofunda isikhathi esingakanani, ukuthi yiziphi izihloko okufanele zibekwe phambili, noma ukuthi zingaki izinsuku zokulungiselela ukuhlolwa kuhilela inqubo yokuhlela yangaphakathi. Uma le nqubo ihlelwe ngokuqonda nangokuhlelekile, iguquka ibe yinto yangempela uhlelo lokufundaLokhu kwandisa amathuba okuphumelela kwezemfundo futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka kanye nokuqamba izinto ezintsha.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlela kunezinhloso ezimbili eziyinhloko: ngakolunye uhlangothi, lindela ikusasa ukunciphisa ukungaqiniseki, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, hlela izinsiza ezitholakalayo (isikhathi, amandla, izinto zokwakha, ulwazi, imali, ukwesekwa kwabanye) ukuze basebenzise lezi zinto ngendlela ehlakaniphe kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kusebenza ngokulinganayo enkampanini yamazwe ngamazwe nakumfundi ofuna ukuphumelela isifundo esinzima noma ukulungiselela izivivinyo ezincintisanayo ezifuna ukuncintisana.
Imigomo yokuhlela
Isigaba ngasinye senqubo yokuphatha kufanele silawulwe ngochungechunge lwemigomo ebaluleke kakhulu uma lokho okufiswayo kungukuzuza ukuphathwa okunengqondo.
Ukuze uhlele kahle, kubalulekile ukulandela lezi zimiso ezilandelayo.
- Ukusebenza
- Inhloso kanye ne-quantification
- Ukuvumelana nezimo
- Ubumbano
- Ngokushintshwa kwamasu
- Ukuzibophezela
- Isici sokukhawulela
- imvelo
Lezi zimiso azisebenzi nje kuphela ekuphathweni kwebhizinisi, kodwa futhi inhlangano yocwaningoUma umfundi eklama uhlelo lokulungiselela izivivinyo, izivivinyo zokuncintisana, noma amaphrojekthi okugcina, usebenzisa lezi zimiso ezifanayo, noma ngabe akazibizi kanjalo. Ukuziqonda kusiza ukuguqula ukuhlela kube yikhono eliqondayo nelinamandla kakhulu.
Ukusebenza
Kulesi sigaba kubalulekile ukuchaza ukuthi uhlelo luyenzeka. Kungazwakala njengokuthile abantu abakwaziyo vele, kepha kunabantu abaningi abazibekela imigomo engenakwenzeka futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayinakwenzeka.
Uhlelo esilwenzayo kufanele lusebenze; Akufanele ube nezinto ozibona ziphakeme kakhulu noma ezinethemba elikhulu, ngoba inqubo yokuhlela nayo ixhunyaniswe namaqiniso nolwazi kanye nezinsizakusebenza onazo. Ukuhlela kumele kuhambisane nezimo ezinenhloso ezisebenza endaweni yethu.
Uma kusetshenziswa ocwaningweni, ukwenzeka kusho ukuthi izinhloso zemfundo zihambisana ukutholakala kwesikhathi sangempelaUmgomo uncike ezingeni lobunzima bezifundo kanye nendawo umfundi aqala kuyo. Akunangqondo ukulindela ukufunda uhlelo olubanzi ngezinsuku ezimbalwa nje uma unganikela ngemizuzu embalwa ngosuku. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukuhlukanisa umgomo ube yimigomo emincane, efinyelelekayo: isibonelo, ukufunda isihloko esisodwa ngesonto, ukubukeza izifinyezo njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili, noma ukuqeda inani elithile lokuzivocavoca nsuku zonke.
Uhlelo olusebenzayo lucabangela:
- Amahora angempela ayatholakala ukufunda, ukucabangela amakilasi, umsebenzi, ukuhamba, ukuphumula kanye nokuphila komuntu siqu.
- Ubunzima besifundo ngasinyeukuze lezo eziyinkimbinkimbi zithole isikhathi esiningi kanye nokunakwa okwengeziwe.
- Amakhono okugxila ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku (isibonelo, ukufunda okuqukethwe kwethiyori lapho uqaphile kakhulu bese ushiya imisebenzi yemishini uma ukhathele kakhulu).
Ekuhleleni ucwaningo, iphutha elivamile ukubhala isimiso esinombono omkhulu kakhulu, empeleni, esingasoze safezwa. Isimiso sokusebenza kahle sisikhumbuza ukuthi uhlelo olungokoqobo lungcono. isizotha kodwa esihlala njalo kunecebo elihle eligcina lishiywe ngeviki lokuqala.
Inhloso kanye ne-quantification
Ibeka isidingo sokusebenzisa idatha yezinhloso, njengezibalo, amatafula okungenzeka, ukubalwa kwedatha yezinombolo kanye nezibalo zezibalo ukuze kungabikho bungozi lapho kwenziwa amapulani.
Uma uhlela okuthile, kubalulekile ukuthi izinhlelo zakho zisekelwe kudatha yangempela, hhayi ekuqageleni noma kudatha embi. Idatha embi izophazamisa amaphrojekthi akho, njengoba ukuhlela kuncike kulwazi olutholakalayo. Uma ulwazi lungalungile, lonke uhlelo luzobekwa engcupheni.
Uma isetshenziswa emkhakheni wezemfundo, lesi simiso sisho ukuthi ikharikhulamu isekelwe ku- izilinganiso ezithile Futhi hhayi nje ngezinhloso ezijwayelekile. Esikhundleni sokuthi "Ngizofunda kabanzi kuleli sonto," kungcono kakhulu ukucacisa ukuthi "Ngizonikela amahora amabili kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesine ngezibalo kanye nehora elilodwa lokubukeza amanothi omlando."
Ezinye izibonelo zokulinganisa ekuhleleni izifundo yilezi:
- Phina inombolo yamakhasi ukufunda nokudwebela iseshini ngayinye.
- Maka i- inani lokuzivocavoca kuzoxazululwa ngebhulokhi yokufunda.
- Nquma ukuthi zingaki izihloko eziphelele Kumelwe zifundiswe kahle isonto ngalinye.
Ukungakhethi hlangothi kuhlobene nokuhlola inqubekela phambili. Uhlelo oluhle lwezemfundo luhlanganisa izikhathi ezithile zokuhlola ukuthi imigomo iyafezwa yini: ukuthatha izivivinyo zokuzihlola, ukuphinda izivivinyo zangaphambilini, ukubukeza ngemibuzo yomlomo, noma ukuthatha izivivinyo zokulingisa. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuhlonza kusengaphambili ukuthi yimiphi imiqondo engakaqondwa ngokugcwele bese ulungisa uhlelo ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlolwa.
Ukuvumelana nezimo
Lesi ngesinye sezimiso ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuhlela. Lapho kwenziwa ukuhlela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina noma ube namazinga athile okuxega ukubhekana nezimo ezingalindelekile. Enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zokuhlela okuthile ukuhlala ucabanga ukuthi izinto zingahle zibhekiswe phansi futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi sine- “Plan B” ezandleni zethu ezizogwema ukuchitha isikhathi lapho siqhubeka uma sinomcimbi ongalindelekile.
Ukwehluleka ukwenza isivikelo sokuphepha ohlelweni lwethu okungasivumeli ukuthi singasebenzi ngokuphelele uma kwenzeka okuthile kungabulala amaphrojekthi ethu, ngoba sizolahlekelwa yizinsizakusebenza futhi sonakalise izinhlelo kuze kube manje.
Esifundweni, ukuguquguquka kuhumusha ikhono lokwenza lungisa uhlelo Uma kuvela izenzakalo ezingalindelekile (ukugula, umsebenzi ophuthumayo, izinguquko ezinsukwini zokuhlolwa, ukukhathala okukhulu), ungalungisa uhlelo lwakho ngaphandle kokulishiya ngokuphelele. Isimiso esihle semfundo sishiya izikhala noma izinsuku zokubuyekeza ezijwayelekile ezingasetshenziswa "njengesipele" uma isikhathi sokufunda singaphumeleli.
Uma uklama uhlelo lokufunda oluguquguqukayo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi:
- Faka phakathi imingcele yesikhathi ngemicimbi engalindelekile isonto ngalinye.
- Gwema ukugcwalisa sonke isikhathi sakho samahhala, ushiye isikhala sokuphumula nokuzilibazisa.
- Buyekeza ukuhlela ngendlela ethile ngezikhathi ezithile (isibonelo, njalo ngeSonto) ukuze ivumelane nayo ngokwentuthuko kanye nobunzima obuvele.
Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo akusho ukuntuleka kwesiyalo; kusho ukukwazi ukuqhubeka nomgomo ngisho noma izimo zishintsha, usebenzisa ukuhlela njengesiqondiso esivumelana nezimo hhayi njengohlu oluqinile nolungaguquki.
Ubumbano
Kule ngxenye kuchaziwe ukuthi zonke izinhlelo ezithile eziphethwe yinkampani nazo kufanele zihambisane nohlelo olujwayelekile. Kumele ziqondiswe futhi zisebenze ndawonye ukuze zihlobene ngendlela efanayo, nokuthi ngokusebenza kwesinye sazo inkampani ivunyelwe ukwenza ngcono uhlelo ukufeza inhloso ejwayelekile.
Ngakho-ke ubunye esimisweni sokuhlela busitshela lokho awukwazi ukufinyelela enjongweni ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokuhlangabezana kuqala nezinhloso ezithile lokho kusiholela kulokhu.
Ukwenza isibonelo esisodwa, awunakuba nemoto engenamasondo. Uma inhloso yakho yonke ukwakha noma ukwakha kabusha imoto, awukwazi ukuhlangabezana naleyo nhloso uma ungahlangabezani nenhloso ethile yokuthola amathayi kuqala.
Ekutadisheni, ubunye bubonakala lapho zonke izici zohlelo (amashejuli, amasu okufunda, izinsiza, amakhefu, ukubuyekezwa) zihambisana ne- inhloso eyinhloko yezemfundoIsibonelo, ukuphumelela isethi yezifundo, ukufinyelela ibanga eliphansi eliphelele, noma ukuphumelela isivivinyo sokungenela. Isifundo ngasinye, noma ngabe sincane kangakanani, kufanele sinikele njalo kulowo mgomo jikelele hhayi ukusabalalisa imizamo.
Uhlelo lokufunda olusekelwe kuyunithi ngokuvamile:
- chaza a umgomo wesikhathi eside (isibonelo, ukwazi kahle lonke uhlelo lwezifundo).
- Chaza izinhloso zokuthi isikhathi esimaphakathi nesifushane: imigomo yekota, yeviki kanye neyansuku zonke ehlanganiswe ndawonye.
- Gwema imisebenzi engafaki umthelela ofiselekayo noma ethatha isikhathi kulokho okubaluleke ngempela.
Lokhu kuhlela imigomo ngokwezinga eliphezulu kusiza umfundi ukuthi azi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kungani enza lokho akwenzayo nokuthi umsebenzi ngamunye othize (ukufunda isahluko, ukwenza uhlaka, ukuzijwayeza ngezivivinyo ezedlule) uhambisana kanjani nenhloso iyonke.
Ngokushintshwa kwamasu
Uma uhlelo lunwetshwa maqondana nesikhathi, okusho ukuthi, lapho uhlelo luba yisikhathi esiphakathi kuya kweside, kungaba ngenxa yezingqinamba noma ngoba kube khona ukwehluleka kokubala ngokuya ngobude besikhathi, amapharamitha kufanele aguqulwe futhi amasu aguqulwe ezazisetshenziswa phambilini, ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwalokhu okwenziwayo.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi iphrojekthi noma ukuhlelwa kwayo kushiyiwe, kepha ukuthi inkampani kufanele iguqule idatha, amapharamitha asetshenzisiwe, amabhajethi nezinsizakusebenza ukuze kuthuthukiswe okudingeka kuthuthukiswe.
Ekuhleleni izifundo, kuvamile ukuthola ukuthi, njengoba uqhubeka nesifundo noma ulungiselela ukuhlolwa, ezinye izindlela azivezi imiphumela elindelekile. Mhlawumbe umfundi uyaqaphela ukuthi ubamba ngekhanda kangcono ngokwenza izifinyezo kunokudwebela, noma ukuthi izikhathi zokufunda ezinde ziyamkhathaza kakhulu futhi zikhiqiza kakhulu emabhulokini amafushane, avamile.
Umgomo wokushintsha amasu usikhumbuza ukuthi uhlelo olusebenzayo kumele luvumele:
- Lungisa i- amasu wokutadisha (amamephu omqondo, amaphepha okusebenzela, ukufunda ngokuzwakalayo, ukuhlolwa kokuzihlola) ngokwempendulo yangempela yomfundi.
- Bala kabusha isikhathi esidingekayo ngesihloko ngasinye lapho kutholakala ukuthi siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma sincane kunalokho obekulindelekile.
- Shintsha ifayela le- isakhiwo seshejuli (isibonelo, ngokushintshela izikhathi zokufunda ezijulile ezikhathini zosuku ngokugxila okuphezulu).
Kunokuba kube ukwehluleka, ukushintsha isu kuwuphawu lokuvuthwa ekuhleleni, ngoba kubonisa ukuthi uqaphela iqiniso futhi ufuna indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokufinyelela umgomo wakho wezemfundo noma wobungcweti.
Ukuzibophezela
Umgomo wokuzibophezela usitshela ukuthi izinkanuko zenkampani kumele ziqondiswe esikhathini esimaphakathi, ngoba ukuhlela isikhathi esimaphakathi kulula kakhulu. Lokhu Kungenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lokuhlela yilokho okuvumela ukuzibophezela kwenkampani ukuthi kulingane ngokuzayo, futhi unikeze isikhathi sokuba bacabange ngokuthi zingenziwa kanjani izinqubomgomo namathrendi ashintshe ngokulindela okungalindelekile.
Futhi amalungu ale nkampani eshiwo kumele azinikele ngamaphesenti ayikhulu ukufeza izinhloso nezinjongo ezibekwa yinkampani, futhi amaphesenti ayikhulu azibophezele kwimigomo yokuhlela, ukuze abe wusizo ekufinyeleleni kuzo.
Emkhakheni wokufunda, ukuzibophezela kusho ukuthi umuntu ucabanga ngamabomu ukuthi umzamo oqhubekayo Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlelo lusebenze. Ukudala isimiso esiphelele akusizi ngalutho uma, empilweni yansuku zonke, imisebenzi ihlehliswa njalo noma ukufunda kuyekwa ngokuphazamiseka okuncane.
Umfundi ozibophezele ekuhleleni kwakhe:
- Hlonipha amahora okufunda njengoba ama-aphoyintimenti abalulekile naye ngokwakhe, egwema ukuphazamiseka okungadingekile.
- Uyakwamukela ukuthi kuzoba nezinsuku ezingenaso isikhuthazo esiningi futhi usazogcwalisa, okungenani, ingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo.
- Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokubuyekeza nokulungisa ukuhlela lapho imigomo ingafinyelelwa.
Ukuzibophezela kuhlobene nendawo ezungezile: ezikhathini eziningi, ukuxhumana ngezikhathi zokufunda nomndeni noma osebenza nabo kusiza abanye ukuhlonipha leso sikhala futhi banikele ekugcwalisekeni kohlelo.
Isici sokukhawulela
Lo mgomo usitshela ukuthi inkampani okukhulunywa ngayo kumele ibe nezindlela ezinekhono eziyivumela ukuthi ithole lezo zinto ezingakhawulela noma zinciphise impumelelo yenhlangano yayo. Uma kukhona ukwehluleka ohlelweni oluzolandelwa, lo mnyango kumele ukwazi ukuyithola ngokusebenza kahle nangejubane, futhi nokusebenza ngokufanele ukuyinyakazisa noma ukuyisusa uma kunesidingo.
Lo mgomo yiwo ophakamisa futhi ugcizelele ukubaluleka kwe- ukungakhethi lapho ukhetha inkambo yesenzo phakathi kwezinye izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokufeza izinhloso ezihlongozwayo. Ngamanye amagama, lesi simiso sizosivumela ukuthi sikhethe ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu ongayilandela ukufinyelela umgomo ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo.
Uma kubhekwa ukutadisha, izici ezivimbelayo zingahlukahluka kakhulu: ukuntuleka kwesikhathi, izifundo eziningi kakhulu, ubunzima ngesihloko esithile, ukuntuleka kwezinsiza (izincwadi, amanothi, uxhumano lwe-inthanethi), ugqozi oluphansi, izinkinga zokugxilisa ingqondo, ukukhathala okuqongelelekile, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Ukuzibona kusenesikhathi kuvumela ukwakheka kohlelo lokufunda. amasu athile ukubhekana nazo.
Ezinye izibonelo zendlela yokusebenzisa lesi simiso ekuhleleni izifundo yilezi:
- Uma isici esikhawulelayo siyi- isikhathiBeka phambili izihloko ezibalulekile, nciphisa imisebenzi engabalulekile kangako, noma uxoxisane ngezinguquko kwezinye izibopho lapho kungenzeka khona.
- Uma umkhawulo uwukuthi ubunzima bokuqukethwe, funa ukwesekwa okwengeziwe (umfundisi wangasese, amaqembu okufunda, ukufundisa) bese wandisa amahora abelwe leso sifundo.
- Uma isithiyo singukuthi ukuntuleka kokuhlushwaYethula amasu athile njengokuhlukanisa isifundo sibe amabhulokhi amafushane, usebenzisa indlela yePomodoro, noma ukuhlela indawo yokusebenza ukuze kuncishiswe iziphazamiso.
Ukuqaphela isici esivimbelayo akusho ukuthi uzoyeka, kodwa ukwenza izinqumo zibe ngcono ukuze uhlelo lokufunda, ngisho noma kunemingcele, lusebenze kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.
Imvelo
Lesi simiso sembula ukuthi ukuhlela kuhlanganiswe nesimo somuntu, nokuthi noma ngabe kungaphakathi kwenhlangano, noma kukodwa, kungakuhlelela kuphela lapho amaphrojekthi esiwenzayo ephumelela, ngoba ngale ndlela singathola Isikhathi sokuphendula ukuhlangabezana nabo esikhaleni esibekiwe.
Kusukela ebuntwaneni, abantu bafunda ukuhlela imisebenzi yabo ngokuzenzekelayo: badlala ngemva kokuqeda umsebenzi wabo wesikole, bapakishe izikhwama zabo zokuthwala ngobusuku obandulele, noma babeke eceleni isikhathi sokubona abangane babo. Lapho lo mfutho wemvelo wokuhlela uba ngoqaphile futhi uhlanganiswa nezimiso ezichazwe (ukufezeka, ukungakhethi, ukuguquguquka, ubunye, ukushintsha amasu, ukuzibophezela, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezici ezivimbelayo), Ukuhlela kuba umncintiswano isihluthulelo sempilo yezemfundo, yobungcweti kanye neyomuntu siqu.
Kulolu cwaningo, ukuqonda ukuthi ukuhlela kuyinto eyenzeka kubantu kusiza ukuyeka ukukubona njengesibopho esinzima bese uqala ukukubheka njengesibopho. ithuluzi lemvelo okungathuthukiswa futhi kupheleliswe ngokuzijwayeza, njenganoma yiliphi elinye ikhono.
Ukuhlela okusetshenziswa ekufundeni: luyini uhlelo lokufunda
Uma kusetshenziswa izimiso zokuhlela emkhakheni wezemfundo, kunesidingo sokudala uhlelo lokufundaLolu hlelo luwumphumela wokusebenzisa konke okungenhla ngendlela ehlelekile enhlosweni ethile yokufunda nokupasa ukuhlolwa, izivivinyo, imisebenzi noma amaphrojekthi ezemfundo.
Uhlelo lokufunda lungachazwa njenge ishejuli enemininingwane Lokhu kubonisa ukuhlelwa kwesikhathi sokufunda ukuze kutholakale imiphumela emihle kakhulu esigabeni esithile: izivivinyo zethemu, ukuhlolwa kokugcina, izivivinyo zokungena, izivivinyo zokuncintisana, njll. Akuyona nje isheduli, kodwa uhlelo oluhlanganisa izinhloso, okuqukethwe, isikhathi, izinsiza, kanye nokubuyekezwa kwenqubekela phambili.
Lolu hlobo lokuhlela luwusizo ezimweni eziningi ezahlukene:
- Izivivinyo ze Imfundo Yesibili kanye neBaccalaureate, lapho izifundo eziningana ziqongelelwa khona ngezikhathi ezimfushane.
- Izifundo ze Ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi wezandla noma eyunivesithi, enezilabhasi eziningi kanye nokuhlolwa okungaphelele kanye nokuhlolwa kokugcina.
- Izivivinyo zokungena emijikelezweni yokuqeqeshwa kwemisebenzi noma ezinye izinhlelo zemfundo, ezivame ukudinga ukubuyekezwa kokuqukethwe kweminyaka edlule.
- Izivivinyo zokuncintisana kanye nezivivinyo zobungcweti, lapho ukuhambisana kwesikhathi esimaphakathi neside kubalulekile khona.
Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, ukuhlela izifundo kuvumela umfundi sebenzisa isikhathi sakho kangconoGwema ukugcwala komzuzu wokugcina futhi qiniseka ukuthi uhlanganisa lonke uhlelo lokufunda ngokujula okudingekayo, ngaphandle kokushiya izihloko ezibalulekile zingabuyekezwa.
Izinto eziyisisekelo zohlelo oluhle lokufunda
Uhlelo oluhle lokufunda alulona nje uhlu lwamahora, kodwa luyisakhiwo esihlanganisa iningi lezimiso zokuhlela ezichazwe ngaphambilini. Izinto zalo ezibalulekile zifaka okulandelayo.
1. Izinhloso ezicacile zocwaningo
Lonke uhlelo kufanele luqale ngezinhloso ezichazwe kahle. Kulesi sifundo, kunconywa ukwakha imigomo emazingeni ahlukene emininingwane:
- Imigomo yesikhathi esideIsibonelo, ukuqonda kahle lonke uhlelo lwesifundo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokugcina.
- Izinjongo zesikhathi esimaphakathi: qedela amabhlogo athile ezihloko esikhathini esingangekota noma amasonto amaningana.
- Izinhloso zesikhashana: funda isihloko esithile ngosuku olulodwa, bukeza izivivinyo, wenze ukuhlolwa kokulingisa, njll.
Uma le migomo iqondakala, ilinganiswa, futhi ingokoqobo, kuzoba lula ukugxila emizamweni yakho bese ubona ukuthi uhlelo luyasebenza yini. Izinkulumo ezinjengokuthi "Ngifuna ukufunda kangcono" azicacile kakhulu; kungcono ukuzibekela imigomo efana nokuthi "kuleli sonto ngizobuyekeza izihloko 3 no-4 bese ngiqedela izivivinyo ezingu-20 ngayinye."
2. Okuqukethwe okuchazwe kahle kanye nezihloko
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukulungiselela uhlu olunemininingwane lwazo zonke izihloko, izihloko kanye nezihloko ezincane Isikhathi sokufunda. Ukuhlukanisa uhlelo lwezifundo zibe izingxenye ezisebenzisekayo kusiza ukuhlela umsebenzi futhi kugweme umuzwa wokubhekana nolwazi oluningi kakhulu.
Uma uchaza okuqukethwe, kubalulekile ukucabangela:
- Ubunzima beyunithi ngayinye (ngokwethiyori, okusebenzayo, okuxubile), ukuze kwabelwe izikhathi ezilinganayo.
- Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezihloko: ezinye kudingeka ukuthi sezifunde ezinye ngaphambilini, okuthonya uhlelo lokufunda olunengqondo kakhulu.
- Okubalulekile kuwe ukuphuthuma kuye ngokuthi izivivinyo ziseduze kangakanani, izinsuku zokugcina zomsebenzi, noma izethulo.
Ukukhetha okuqukethwe okuqondile okufanele kufundwe nsuku zonke (isibonelo, “izigaba 1.1 kuya ku-1.3 zesihloko 2”) kusebenza kangcono kunokucabangela imibono evamile efana “nokubukeza Umlando.” Lokhu kugwema ukubukela phansi isikhathi esidingekayo noma ukuwela ekukhubazeni ukufuna ukuphelela.
3. Amashejuli, izinsuku kanye nobude besikhathi seseshini
Uhlelo lokufunda luhlanganiswe ku- isimisoLolu hlelo kufanele lucacise ngokucacile:
- I-Los izinsuku nezikhathi ezinikezelwe esihlokweni ngasinye.
- I-Las izinsuku zokuhlolwaukulethwa kanye nezinye izibopho ezifanele.
- La ubude besikhathi sokufunda kanye namakhefu.
Kubalulekile ukuba nombono ongokoqobo: uma umfundi enezifundo, umsebenzi, imisebenzi yomzimba, kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo yomndeni, ngeke akwazi ukugcwalisa yonke iminithi esele ngokutadisha okujulile. Kudingeka kubekwe eceleni isikhathi sokulala ngokwanele, ukudla, izinto zokuhamba, kanye nokuzilibazisa. Uhlelo olungazinaki lezi zinto cishe luzophela kalula.
4. Ukubuyekezwa kwenqubekela phambili kanye nokulungiswa okuqhubekayo
Njengoba izimiso zokuguquguquka kanye namasu okuguqula izinto zibonisa, akukho hlelo lokufunda okufanele lubhekwe njengoluqinisekile. Kunconywa ukuthi ubukeze njalo (isibonelo, kanye ngesonto) ukuthi izinhloso ezihleliwe ziyafezwa yini nokuthi ijubane lomsebenzi livumela yini abafundi ukuthi bafike ezivivinyweni benolwazi olufanele.
Uma okuqukethwe kuba nzima kunalokho obekulindelwe, uma kuvela izibopho ezintsha, noma uma umfundi ebona ukuthi izinga lakhe lamandla liyahlukahluka, kuzodingeka lungisa isimisoLokhu kubuyekezwa kuvumela ukusatshalaliswa kabusha kwezihloko, ukwelulwa kwamabhulokhi athile, noma ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi kwabanye. Kuvimbela ukumangala komzuzu wokugcina futhi kugcina ukuhlela kuhambisana neqiniso.
Indlela yokuklama uhlelo lokufunda oluphumelelayo isinyathelo ngesinyathelo
Nakuba umuntu ngamunye engakwazi ukuvumelanisa uhlelo nesimo sakhe, izinhlelo zokufunda eziphumelela kakhulu zilandela ukulandelana okunengqondo okusekelwe ezimisweni zokuhlela. Izinyathelo ezine eziyisisekelo yilezi: ukuhlaziya isimo, ukubeka imigomo, ukuklama ishejuli, nokubukeza inqubekela phambili.
1. Hlaziya isimo somuntu siqu nesezemfundo
Ngaphambi kokuhlela isifundo, kubalulekile ukucacisa kuyatholakala ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nezimo zomuntu ngamunye. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuyasiza ukulandelela ukuthi isikhathi sakho sisatshalaliswa kanjani izinsuku ezimbalwa: amahora ekilasi, umsebenzi, ukuhamba, umsebenzi womzimba, ukuphumula, kanye nokuzilibazisa. Ukusuka lapho, ungabala ukuthi mangaki amahora amahhala osusele nawo okufunda usuku ngalunye.
Lokhu kuhlaziya kuhlanganisa nokuzindla ngezinye izici:
- Kungaziphi izikhathi zosuku lapho kukhona khona imisebenzi eyengeziwe? ikhono lokuhlushwa.
- Yiziphi izinto ezikhiqiza okuningi ubunzima futhi kuzodinga umzamo omkhulu.
- Yiziphi izinsiza ezitholakalayo (amanothi, izincwadi, izifundo, ukwesekwa komndeni).
Ukwethembeka kulokhu kuhlaziya kubalulekile ekuhlonipheni isimiso sokusebenza. Kungcono ukuhlela amahora okufunda ambalwa kodwa alawuleka ngempela kunokuklama izikhathi zokugijima ezidala umuzwa wokwehluleka nokudumazeka.
2. Beka imigomo ethile yezemfundo
Uma isimo sesihlaziyiwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukusetha imigomo okufanele ifinyelelwe. Lokhu kungasukela ekuphumeleleni zonke izifundo kuya ekufinyeleleni isilinganiso samaphuzu athile ebanga, ukuphumelela ukuhlolwa kokungena, noma ukuqeda iphrojekthi yocwaningo.
Uma imigomo ejwayelekile isichaziwe, ihlukaniswa ibe yimigomo ephakathi nendawo kanye neqondile eqondisa ukuhlelwa kwansuku zonke kocwaningo. Isibonelo:
- Umgomo womhlaba: funda kahle uhlelo lokuhlolwa okuncintisanayo isikhathi eside.
- Umgomo wanyanga zonkeFunda izihloko ezine eziphelele, eyodwa ngesonto.
- Umgomo wamasonto onke: funda, dwebela, fingqa futhi ubukeze isihloko, ngaphezu kokwenza ukuhlolwa kokulingisa okungaphelele.
Lezi zinhloso kumele zihloniphe izici zezinhloso ezihlelwe kahle: ukuba kucacile, kuyalinganiswa futhi kuyafinyeleleka ngesikhathi.
3. Yakha ishejuli kanye neshejuli
Njengoba imigomo ichaziwe kanye nesikhathi esitholakalayo sihlaziyiwe, sekuyisikhathi sokudala ishejuli eqondile. Lokhu kungenziwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi okuhlela asekelwe ephepheni (abahleli, amakhalenda odonga, abahleli bamasonto onke) noma amathuluzi edijithali afana namakhalenda aku-inthanethi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphatha imisebenzi.
Ezinye izincomo eziwusizo zokwakha isimiso esihle yilezi:
- Ukufaka izinsiza zezithombe ezilula (imibala, izinhlamvu ezahlukene, izithonjana) ukuze kutholakale kalula isihloko ngasinye noma uhlobo lomsebenzi.
- Yiba nombono ofanele futhi ucabangele isikhathi esichithwa kwezinye izibopho kanye nokuphumula, ukuze uhlelo luqhubeke isikhathi eside.
- Cacisa i- isikhathi sokuqala nesokugcina yesikhathi ngasinye sokufunda, kuhlanganisa ikhefu elivamile ukuze kulondolozwe ukugxilisa ingqondo.
Ezifundweni ezinde, amasu anjengePomodoro Technique (amabhlogo okufunda okujulile emizuzu engama-25 alandelwa amakhefu emizuzu emi-5, kanye namakhefu amade njalo emabhlogoni amane) asiza ukuhlonipha lezi zikhawu futhi alwe nokukhathala kwengqondo.
4. Buyekeza inqubekela phambili kanye nokuhlela kokubuyekeza
Njengoba izinsuku zihamba, uhlelo lokufunda akufanele lumiswe. Kubalulekile ukuzinika isikhathi, isibonelo kanye ngesonto, ukuze ubukeze ukuthi imigomo ebekiwe iyafezwa yini nokuthi ijubane lokufunda liyafaneleka yini.
Uma kuqashelwa ukuthi isihloko siletha ubunzima obukhulu, ukuthi isihloko sithatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwalokho obekulindelwe, noma ukuthi kuvele izibopho ezintsha empilweni yansuku zonke, uhlelo kufanele lungisa futhi uphelelengokushintshela imisebenzi kwenye indawo, ukwelula isikhathi esibekiwe, noma ukufuna ukwesekwa okwengeziwe.
Lokhu kubuyekezwa okuqhubekayo kubonisa izimiso zokuguquguquka, ukushintsha amasu kanye nezici ezivimbelayo, futhi kungenye yezihluthulelo zokwenza ukuhlela izifundo kube usizo ngempela futhi kuqhubeke isikhathi eside.
Amathuluzi okuhlela nokubona ngeso lengqondo ukuhlela isifundo
Ubuchwepheshe kanye nezinsizakusebenza ezisekelwe ephepheni kungaba abalingani abakhulu ekusebenziseni izimiso zokuhlela esifundweni sansuku zonke. Into ebalulekile akuyona ithuluzi ngokwalo, kodwa ukulisebenzisa ukuze... ukunikeza ukucaca nokulandelela ohlelweni.
1. Ama-ajenda angokoqobo, amakhalenda kanye nabahleli
Abafundi abaningi bathola imiphumela emihle besebenzisa abahleli bansuku zonke noma bamasonto onke Ngokwefomethi ebonakalayo: incwadi yokubhalela, ishidi elinamekwe ngopende, noma amaphepha alula. Imisebenzi okufanele iqedwe nsuku zonke ibhalwa phansi (ukutadisha isihloko esithile, ukwenza izivivinyo, ukubukeza amanothi, ukulungiselela isethulo) bese ihlukaniswa njengoba iqedwa.
Ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi eqediwe kunikeza umuzwa oshukumisayo wentuthuko. Ikhalenda elibonakalayo edeskini noma odongeni lakho likusiza futhi ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo izivivinyo ezizayo kanye nezinsuku zokugcina, okwenza kube lula ukubeka okuqukethwe phambili nokuhlela isikhathi sakho kangcono.
Kunconywa ukuthi umfundi ngamunye abe neyakhe i-ajenda yakhoLokhu akunazo izikhumbuzo ezingase zisakazeke ngamaqembu emiyalezo. Ngale ndlela, ukuzimela, umthwalo wemfanelo, kanye nomkhuba wokuqopha imisebenzi yezemfundo kanye nezibopho kuyakhuthazwa.
2. Ikhalenda yedijithali namathuluzi okuphatha imisebenzi
Phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zedijithali ezithandwa kakhulu zokuhlela izifundo kukhona amakhalenda aku-inthanethi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphatha imisebenzi. Lokhu kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuhlela isikhathi, ukusetha izikhumbuzi, ukwengeza izinsuku ezibalulekile, nokubona ngokucacile umthwalo wabo womsebenzi wamasonto onke.
Ngokuvamile banikeza izici ezifana nalezi:
- Izikhumbuzi ezizenzakalelayo izivivinyo nemisebenzi, ukuze ungakhohlwa izinsuku ezibalulekile.
- Ukukwazi ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi ngesihloko noma iphrojekthi, okufaka isandla esimisweni sobunye.
- indawo ye shintsha bese uhudula imisebenzi kusukela osukwini olulodwa kuya kolulandelayo uma kudingeka ukulungisa uhlelo.
Lawa mathuluzi angagcwaliswa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile zokubhala amanothi, ukwenza izinhlaka noma ukugcina izinto zokufunda, ukwakha indawo yokufunda yedijithali ehlelekile neqondakalayo.
Amanye amaphutha wokuhlela ajwayelekile
Ngokuya ngocwaningo olwenziwe endaweni yebhizinisi, kunamaphutha enziwa ngabantu noma izinhlangano eziningi lapho behlela amaphrojekthi ezinkampani zabo.
- Ukungacabangi ngemvelo yezomnotho omkhulu
- Ungenzi ukuhlaziywa kwe-SWOT intatheli; qonda ukuhlaziywa kwamandla, amathuba, ubuthakathaka kanye nezinsongo okumele zonke izinkampani zikwenze ngokucophelela.
- Ziba isici somuntu nokubaluleka kwaso lapho usebenza kuphrojekthi.
- Nciphisa ukubaluleka kokuxhumana ku ukuze kwazeke wonke umuntu ngeprojekthi abasebenza kuyo
- Ukungasebenzisi amandla ezivumelwano zebhizinisi.
- Ukungazicacisi kahle izinhloso, kuzenze zisabalalise futhi kungaqondakali kakhulu.
Emkhakheni wokufunda, kuyabonakala amaphutha afanayo aphinde anciphise ukusebenza kahle kokuhlela, yize ethatha izinhlobo ezahlukene. Phakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukwehluleka ukubeka imigomo ecacile neqondileUkuzama "ukutadisha konke" ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi yini noma nini kwenza kube nzima ukukala intuthuko futhi kudala umuzwa wokulahlekelwa ukulawula.
- Unganaki isikhathi sangempela esitholakalayoUkuklama izinhlelo ezingenakwenzeka ezidinga amahora amaningi kunalokho umuntu angakunikela kuholela ekukhungathekeni nasekushiyweni kohlelo.
- Ukungabi nokuguquguqukaUkunamathela esimisweni esiqinile ngaphandle kokuzivumelanisa nezenzakalo ezingalindelekile noma izinguquko ezimweni kusho ukuthi ezinye izihloko azifundwa ngokwanele.
- Ungahlukanisi izinto zibe izingxenye ezilawulekayoUkuzama ukumboza okuqukethwe okukhulu ngesikhathi esifushane kunciphisa ukugxila futhi kuvimbele ukuqonda okujulile.
- Ukukhohlwa ukufaka amakhefuUkufunda amahora amaningi ngesikhathi ngaphandle kokuphumula kuphazamisa ukunaka, kunciphisa inkumbulo, futhi kwandisa ukukhathala kwengqondo.
Yize ukuhlela kuyinto esingayenza noma singazi ukuthi siyakwenza, kuyinto ezalwa inamandla okucabanga, kusamele sikwazi sebenzisa izimiso zokuhlela ukuze senze izinhlelo zethu zihleleke kakhulu futhi nezinhloso zethu kube lula ukuzifeza. Kumele sisebenzise lolu hlelo futhi sazi ukuthi singenzi amaphutha, ngoba ngaleyo ndlela sizokwazi ukuyisa amaphrojekthi ethu ezingeni elilandelayo.
Ukuqonda ukuthi izimiso zakudala zokuhlela zihlangana kanjani nokuhleleka kokufunda kwansuku zonke kuvumela ushintsho endleleni izinselele zemfundo ezibhekene ngayo: umfundi uyayeka ukuthembela ekuqambeni izinto ezintsha kanye nomzamo wokugcina, ukuze athembele ohlelweni olucatshangelwe kahle, oluguquguqukayo nolungokoqobo olumsiza ukuba aqhubekele phambili ngokuzethemba emigomweni yakhe.