Imishwana engu-46 ehamba phambili yeNkululeko yaseMexico

Lapho iMexico ithola inkululeko yayo , ngemva kwenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi nenentshisekelo, yaletha intuthuko yomphakathi engakaze ibonwe kubo bonke izakhamuzi zayo. Lo mkhankaso wawungesona isenzakalo esiyingqayizivele, kodwa kunalokho wawuyisiphetho somzabalazo omude ophawulwe ukuphishekela inkululeko, ubulungiswa, kanye nobukhosi . Imisho esizoyihlola ngezansi ayiwona nje amazwi; iyimpendulo yoguquko lomlando oluchaza ubunjalo besizwe sonke.

Lesi sikhathi saphawulwa yizinhlobo ezahlukene zabantu: abantu bezombusazwe, abaholi bezempi, kanye nezishoshovu , ababebhekene nobukhosi baseSpain, besebenzisa inkulumo yokukhuluma kanye nokucabanga ngamasu njengezikhali zabo ezinamandla kakhulu. Izinkulumo zabo, ama-manifesto, kanye nokukhala kwempi kwaba yingxenye yomlando, kwasebenza njengamandla okukhuthaza uquqaba kanye nesisekelo sohlaka lwezomthetho lweMexico yanamuhla.

I-athikili ehlobene:

Izimbangela zokuzimela kweMexico: umongo, izinqubo, kanye nezici zangaphakathi nezangaphandle

Umongo kanye namaqhawe omzabalazo wokuzimela

Umzabalazo waqala njengokuvukela eParish of Dolores, eGuanajuato, lapho uFata Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla , kanye no-Ignacio Allende noJuan Aldama, benxusa abantu ukuba benqabe igunya lokuphatha laseNew Spain. Lokho okwaqala njengenhlangano yabavukeli kwakhula kwaba iminyaka eyishumi nanye yempi, ukushushiswa, kanye nokuzidela, okwaphetha ngokungena kweButho lamaGunya amathathu eMexico City kanye nokusayinwa koMthetho Wokuzimela.

Ukuze siqonde ubukhulu bale nqubo, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya abalingiswa abaphambili kanye nemibono yabo:

• UMiguel Hidalgo noCostilla: Eyaziwa ngokuthi “uBaba Wesizwe,” wayeyindoda ehlakaniphile, eqanjwe ngegama elithi “The Fox” ngenxa yobuhlakani bakhe obubukhali ezingxoxweni. Ubuholi bakhe babubalulekile ekuqaleni ukuvukela umbuso, yize abulawa yiqembu labadubuli ngemuva kokuboshwa eChihuahua.
• U-Ignacio Allende: UKaputeni wezempi kanye nosomaqhinga wezempi. Nakuba ayenokungezwani noHidalgo mayelana nobuholi benhlangano, isifiso sakhe sokuphakamisa abantu baseMexico sasingenakunyakaziswa. Ikhanda lakhe laboniswa njengesixwayiso, kodwa ifa lakhe liyaqhubeka.
• UJosefa Ortiz de Domínguez: "La Corregidora." Wayeyinsika yeQuerétaro Conspiracy. Isibindi sakhe sokuxwayisa amavukela-mbuso ngokukhashelwa kwaseSpain sasiyisinqumo esibalulekile sokuqubuka kwale nhlangano.
• UJosé María Morelos noPavón: Umholi wezempi nowezepolitiki ovelele owabhala incwadi ethi "Imizwa Yesizwe", omunye wemibhalo yezombusazwe ebaluleke kakhulu eMexico, lapho abeka khona izisekelo zobukhosi obudumile kanye nokuqedwa kobugqila.
• IGuadalupe Victoria: uBrigadier General kanye no- uMongameli wokuqala waseMexicoWagqama ngekhono lakhe lokubuyisa izinqaba ezazilahlekile kanye nokuzibophezela kwakhe emfundweni.
• UVicente Guerrero: Uphawu lokuqina. Naphezu kokucindezeleka komndeni kanye neminikelo yokuxolelwa evela kuhulumeni waseSpain, wagcina ubuqotho bakhe kule nkinga ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi izwe lakubo liza ngaphambi kwakho konke okunye.

Izingcaphuno ezivela eMpini Yokuzimela yaseMexico kanye Nezibalo Zayo Eziyinhloko

Ngezansi, sethula iqoqo eliphelele lezingcaphuno ezivelele kakhulu ezivela eMpini Yokuzimela yaseMexico . Lezi zingcaphuno zibonisa umoya ongenakunqotshwa , ukomela ubulungiswa, kanye nothando olujulile ngezwe laseMexico.

1. "Mana njalo inkolo yamaKatolika! Mana njalo uFerdinand VII! Mana njalo iZwe Lobaba futhi kwangathi umsekeli wethu ongcwele, iNcasakazi Ebusisiwe yaseGuadalupe, angabusa phakade kuleli zwekazi laseMelika! Mana njalo kwabaseSpain! Mana njalo kuhulumeni omubi!" UMiguel Hidalgo noCostilla (Ukukhala kukaDolores).
2. "Wonke umuntu okhononda ngokulunga makabe nenkantolo ezobalalela, ibavikele, futhi ibavikele ezintweni ezingenasisekelo." UJosé María Morelos noPavón.
3. "Ngaphandle kwentando yeningi, inkululeko iyiphupho elingenakwenzeka." Octavio Paz.
4. "Inkululeko yoguquko iphambukiswa amandla omuntu siqu." Carlos Fuentes.
5. "Amadoda awalutho, izimiso ziyikho konke." Benito Juarez.
6. "Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi idolobha noma idolobha lapho amadoda noma abesifazane bazalelwa khona, ekugcineni balinganiswa ngobukhulu bomsebenzi wabo, ngobukhulu bentando yabo yokuphakamisa nokucebisa abanye abantu." Ignacio Allende.
7. "Intando yeningi iyisiphetho sobuntu, inkululeko, ingalo yayo engenakubhujiswa." Benito Juarez.
8. "Phakathi kwabantu ngabanye, njengakwamanye amazwe, inhlonipho ngamalungelo abanye ukuthula." Benito Juarez.
9. "Ukungazi kanye nokungazi lutho emlandweni wonke kuye kwaveza izigqila zobushiqela." Emiliano Zapata.
10. "Lapho abantu bephula imingcele yabo, cishe akukho mzamo onamandla okwanele wokubavimba." Guadalupe Victoria.
11. "Abesifazane bangabantu abakhulu abakhohliwe emlandweni. Izincwadi ziyindlela engcono kakhulu yokubahlonipha." Elena Poniatowski.
12. "Phila isikhathi eside uMama wethu oNgcwele waseGuadalupe. Ukufa kuhulumeni omubi. Inkolo iphile isikhathi eside kanye nokufa kwabaseSpanishi." Ukukhala Kokuqala KwamaDolores.
13. "Kulungile ukuthi sonke sifisa ukuba ngaphezulu, kodwa futhi kulungile ukuthi sonke siqinisekise amalungelo ethu." Francisco Villa.
14. "Ukuze ube nobuciko, kufanele uthulise ijaji elingaphakathi kuwe." IGuadalupe Nettel.
15. "Ukuze sikhonze iZwe Lobaba, akukaze kube khona okuningi kakhulu okufikayo, futhi akukaze kube khona okuncane kakhulu okuhambayo." IVenustiano Carranza.
16. "Labo abafuna i-logic empilweni bayakhohlwa ukuthi impilo iyiphupho. Amaphupho awana-logic. Masilinde size sivuke." Izinzwa ezithandwayo.
17. "Ubukhosi buvela ngqo kubantu." UJosé María Morelos noPavón.
18. "Izwe lami liza kuqala." IVicente Guerrero.
19. "Ngifuna ukufa ngiyisigqila sezimiso, hhayi sabantu." Emiliano Zapata.
20. "Uma singenakukwazi ukushintsha okwedlule, masenze okuthile okwamanje ukushintsha ikusasa." I-Victorian Orchard.
21. "Isizwe esikhulu nesinamandla kakhulu siba buthakathaka uma singenabo ubulungiswa." UManuel José Othón.
22. "Amasosha amaningi kangaka okuqapha owesifazane ompofu, kodwa ngegazi lami ngizokwakha ifa lezingane zami." Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez.
23. "Njengoba ukuthengisa abantu kuphambene nemithetho yemvelo, imithetho yobugqila iyaqedwa ngalokhu." UMiguel Hidalgo noCostilla.
24. "Isilinganiso senzondo yethu sifana nesilinganiso sothando lwethu. Kodwa lezi akuzona yini izindlela zokuqamba igama lesifiso?" Carlos Fuentes.
25. "Inkululeko mayiphile isikhathi eside! IMelika mayiphile isikhathi eside! Ukufa kuhulumeni omubi!" UMiguel Hidalgo noCostilla.
26. "Ukukhanya okuningi kufana nesithunzi esiningi: kukuvimbela ukuthi ubone." Octavio Paz.
27. "Uxolelo lungolwezigebengu, hhayi abavikeli bezwe." UMiguel Hidalgo noCostilla.
28. "Ulimi luvikela intamo." UMiguel Hidalgo noCostilla.
29. "Ngiyisisebenzi sesizwe ngoba sithatha ubukhosi obukhulu obusemthethweni nobungenakuphikiswa." UJosé María Morelos noPavón.
30. "Ukufa akulutho uma umuntu efela izwe lakubo." UJosé María Morelos noPavón.
31. "Njengosopolitiki, ngenze amaphutha amabili amakhulu abangele ukuwa kwami: ukuzama ukujabulisa wonke umuntu nokungazi ukuthi ngingabathemba kanjani abangane bami beqiniso." UFrancisco Indalecio Madero.
32. "IMelika ikhululekile futhi ayizimele kuzo zonke ezinye izizwe." UMiguel Hidalgo noCostilla.
33. "Makususwe isifihla-buso sokuzimela, ngoba wonke umuntu usevele uyazi isiphetho sikaFerdinand VII." UJosé María Morelos.
34. "Ngeke usabekezelela ijoka labacindezeli, abalulimi lwabo luyinhlamba, ubuqili, namanga, futhi abamthetho wabo usekelwe ekufuneni kwabo, impindiselo, kanye nentukuthelo." Agustín de Iturbide.
35. "Phila isikhathi eside eMexico, nina madodana esifebe!" – Ingcaphuno evela ku- Octavio Paz ku-"Amadodana aseMalinche." Leli gama lihlaziywa njengesikhalo sempi esiqinisekisa ubuwena phambi "kwabanye," kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bangabantu bezinye izizwe noma izitha zangaphakathi.
36. "Ngizofela izwe lethu, kodwa ngiyafa nganelisekile, ngoba lapho ngimemezela ukuzimela kwakho ngakwenza lokho ngemvume yesizathu sami futhi ngoba kulungile, kungcwele, futhi kuyadingeka ..." UDon Manuel Sabino Crespo.
37. "Kukhona into edingekayo njengesinkwa sansuku zonke, futhi lokho kuwukuthula kwansuku zonke. Ukuthula ngaphandle kwalokho isinkwa siyababa." Izinzwa ezithandwayo.
38. "Abantwana bomlimi kanye nomshaneli womgwaqo mabafundiswe njengabomnikazi womhlaba ocebile kakhulu!" UJosé María Morelos noPavón.

Imiyalezo Nemisho Yokugubha Ukuziqhenya KwaseMexico

Ngaphezu kwezingcaphuno zomlando, kunemiyalezo yesimanje efanele ukugubha inyanga kazwelonke , ikakhulukazi leyo ehloselwe ukudlulisela inani lenkululeko ezizukulwaneni ezintsha nokwabelana nomndeni ngoSepthemba 15 no-16, ukusindisa amasiko namasiko aseMexico.

Imisho yezingane kanye nemfundo yobuzwe

Ukugxilisa uthando lwezwe lakho kusukela esemncane kubalulekile. Lawa magama alula kodwa anamandla okugubha nezingane ezincane:

• "Phila isikhathi eside eMexico! Namuhla sigubha inkululeko yezwe lakithi ngenjabulo nangothando."
• "Inkululeko yasinika iMexico ekhululekile. Masimemeze kakhulu: Phila iMexico isikhathi eside!"
• "Namuhla sikhumbula amaqhawe alwela inkululeko yethu. Phila isikhathi eside ezweni lakithi!"
• "Umhla ziyi-16 kuMandulo usuku lokugubha umlando wethu nokuziqhenya ngokuba ngumMexico."
• "Masimemeze ndawonye: Inkululeko iphile isikhathi eside, iMexico iphile isikhathi eside!"
• "Masiphakamise ifulege laseMexico, lisikhumbuza ukuthi sikhululekile futhi sinesibindi."
• "Inkululeko iyisipho esikhulu kunazo zonke esinaso. Masigubhe ukuba ngabaseMexico!"
• "Sihlangene sinamandla, njengamaqhawe ethu alwela iMexico ekhululekile."
• "Ukukhala kukaDolores kuzwakala ezinhliziyweni zethu, kusikhumbuza ukuthi singobani."
• "Kwangathi umoya wokuzimela ungasikhuthaza ukuba sakhe iMexico engcono."

Izingcaphuno eziphefumulelayo mayelana neNkululeko kanye neSizwe

Kulabo abafuna indlela yokucabanga nejulile ngencazelo yobukhosi kanye nesiphetho sesintu:

• "Uma ilangabi lenkululeko selivuliwe, akunakwenzeka ukulicima." UCarlos María de Bustamante.
• "Izwe lami likhululekile, lizimele, futhi lizimele; angidingi lutho olunye ukuze ngijabule." Guadalupe Victoria.
• "Ngifungile ukuthi ngeke kusaba khona izihlalo zobukhosi noma ama-altare ezweni lakithi, kodwa i-altare lenkululeko." UMiguel Ramos Arizpe.
• "Ukuzimela yisibusiso kuphela esisifanele thina." UCarlos María de Bustamante.
• "Inkululeko yilokho engikufunayo, inkululeko yezwe lakithi." UJosé María Morelos noPavón.
• "Imbangela yenkululeko iyimbangela kaNkulunkulu; asikho isizathu esingathethelela ubugqila."
• "Inkululeko yezwe lethu ingcwele futhi kuyadingeka ukuyivikela ngazo zonke izindleko."
• "Akekho amandla omuntu angavimbela ubulungiswa besizathu sethu."

Imiyalezo ongabelana ngayo nomndeni kanye nakuma-social media

Ukugubha ukuzimela, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuyisenzo sobunye bomndeni . Nazi ezinye izindlela zokuveza lowo muzwa:

• "Mana njalo eMexico! Namuhla sigubha njengomndeni ukuziqhenya ngokuba ngabaseMexico."
• "Sengathi ubunye bomndeni bungaqina njengomoya wokuzimela osihlanganisayo."
• "Namuhla, njengomndeni, sidumisa iMexico ekhululekile nenethemba."
• "Kuzo zonke izingxenye zaseMexico, umndeni uyisisekelo sobukhulu bethu. Usuku Oluhle Lokuzimela!"
• "Namuhla, injabulo yokuba ngumMexico ingcono kakhulu ukwabelana nomndeni. Phila isikhathi eside ngokuzimela!"
• "Sibumbene njengabantu baseMexico, namuhla sigubha umlando wethu kanye nekusasa lethu. ❤️ #Ukuzimela kweMexico"
• "Sengathi ukuzwakala kwesililo sokuzimela kungazwakala ezinhliziyweni zethu. 🇲🇽 #Phila Isikhathi EsideUkuzimela"
• "Namuhla sihlonipha amaqhawe asinike inkululeko. Phila isikhathi eside ezweni lakubo, phila isikhathi eside eMexico! 🎆 #Ukuziqhenya KwaseMexico"
• "Kwangathi ilangabi lenkululeko elasinika izwe lethu lingaze licinywe. Usuku oluhle lwe-16 kuMandulo!"

Ukuzindla kokugcina ngefa lamaQhawe

Inqubo yokuzimela yayingeyona nje indlela yokushintsha amandla, kodwa yayiwumzabalazo wemibono . Abantu abanjengoMorelos abazange bafune nje ukuhlukaniswa neSpain, kodwa futhi babefuna ukuhlelwa kabusha komphakathi lapho imfundo yayizoba yilungelo, hhayi ilungelo, bememezela ukuthi izingane zabalimi kufanele zifundiswe ngendlela efanayo neyabanikazi bomhlaba.

Ngokufanayo, indima yabesifazane, evezwe nguJosefa Ortiz de Domínguez, ikhombisa ukuthi isu kanye nobuhlakani kwakubaluleke kakhulu njengempi ehlomile. Ukuqaphela lezi zibalo kuqinisekisa ukuthi umhla ziyi-16 kuMandulo akulona nje usuku lokugubha, kodwa kuyisikhumbuzo sezindleko zenkululeko.

Ukukhumbula la mazwi kanye nezenzakalo eziwaphefumulele kusenza sikwazise intando yeningi kanye nobukhosi namuhla. Kusukela ekukhaleni kukaHidalgo kuya ekucabangeni kwenkondlo kuka-Octavio Paz, umlando waseMexico ubhalwe ngokulangazelela njalo ubulungiswa. Ifa lalabo abanikela ngokuphila kwabo ngenxa yezwe labo lihlala likhona njalo lapho isakhamuzi sivikela amalungelo aso futhi sisebenzela ukuchuma kwezakhamuzi zaso, siqinisekisa ukuthi ilangabi lenkululeko liyaqhubeka livutha ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.