Impilo ngaphambi kokuzalwa: Izinkolelo zobuntwana kanye nomthelela wazo esikweni
Uyakholelwa ukuthi abantu bangunaphakade futhi abafi? Lo mbuzo othakazelisayo ubulokhu ucatshangwa amakhulu eminyaka futhi, ngokocwaningo eshicilelwe kumagazini Ukuthuthukiswa Kwabantwana, inkolelo yokungafi iyinto yonke futhi ibonakala ivela ngokuzenzakalelayo kusukela ebuntwaneni. Isayensi ithole ubufakazi bokuthi abantu bamasiko nezinkolo ezihlukahlukene bakholelwa ukuthi umphefumulo, noma ingqikithi yomuntu, ingaphezu kokufa komzimba wenyama.
Lo mqondo wokungafi awukona nje ukwakhiwa kwefilosofi noma inkolo, kodwa ubonakala usuka ekuhlakanipheni komuntu. Kusukela zisencane, izingane zivame ukucabanga ukuthi ingqikithi yazo, imizwelo nezifiso zabo, zazikhona ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwazo futhi zizoqhubeka ngemva kokufa kwazo. Le ndlela yokucabanga isikisela ukuthi, kunokuba kube umbono ogxiliswe isiko kuphela, ukungafi kungase kube umbono ongokwemvelo womqondo womuntu.
Ucwaningo lwangaphambi kwempilo: Izingane ezivela emasikweni ahlukene
Ithimba labaphenyi abavela ku- IBoston University, eqondiswa udokotela wengqondo Natalie Emmons, waqhuba isifundo no Izingane ezingama-283 e-Ecuador ukuqonda imibono yabo yokuphila ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Amaqembu amabili ahlaziywa: elilodwa livela endaweni yomdabu yaseShuar esigodini sase-Amazon, nelinye elakhiwe izingane ezingamaKhatholika zaseQuito.
Imiphumela ibimangaza: Womabili la maqembu avumelana ngokuthi, ngaphambi kokuba azalwe, ayengenawo umzimba noma amakhono okuqonda., kodwa babekholelwa ukuthi babenemizwa nezifiso. Lokhu kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi umbono wokuba khona kwangaphambi kwempilo ungaba ukwakhiwa kwemvelo komqondo womuntu, ngale kwemvelo yenkolo noma yamasiko abathuthukela kuyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi lapho izingane zazibancane, kukhulu ukuthambekela kwazo kokukholelwa empilweni yangaphambi kwempilo. Ngokukhula kweminyaka, le nkolelo yancipha, iphakamisa ukuthi izici zamasiko nezemfundo zithonya imibono yokuba khona ngaphambi kokuzalwa.
Ingqondo yobuntwana mayelana nokungafi
Ngokuvamile kucatshangwa ukuthi izinkolelo ezingokomoya zitholwa ngemfundo yezenkolo namasiko. Nokho, uDkt. Emmons usikisela ukuthi le mibono vuka ngokuzalwa. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, abantu bathambekele ekubhekeni imizwelo yethu njengengunaphakade, okungenzeka yaba nengxenye ekuthuthukisweni kokuqashelwa kwethu komphakathi.
Lokhu okutholakele kuqinisa umbono wokuthi ukukholelwa empilweni ngaphambi kokuzalwa Akuwona nje umkhiqizo wenkolo, kodwa ingaba nezisekelo ezijulile ezingokwengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka kube nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwamasiko amaningi kamoya emasikweni ahlukene emhlabeni jikelele.
Kuthiwani ngombono wokuphindukuzalwa?
Inkolelo yokuthi umphefumulo ukhona ngaphambili ihlanganiswa nezimfundiso ezihlukahlukene, njengobuHindu nobuBuddha, lapho umoya ubhekwa njengohamba ukuphila kwabantu abaningi. Nakuba ucwaningo luka-Emmons lungagxilanga ekuzalweni kabusha, lokho akutholile kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi ingqondo yomuntu inesimo esingokwemvelo sokucabanga ngokuqhubeka kokuba khona ngaphambi nangemva kokuzalwa.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, izindlela zokucabanga ezifanayo zabonwa ezinganeni zamaKatolika, ezazingafundiswa ngokomthetho izinkolelo zangaphambi kokuphila. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi umcabango wengunaphakade ungaba igxile ekwakhekeni kwengqondo yomuntu, ngale kwezimfundiso zenkolo ezithile.
Iqhaza lesayensi ekutadisheni izinkolelo
Ucwaningo luka-Emmons luvula umkhakha othakazelisayo kungqondongqondo ethuthukayo ngokubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukufunda ngokwesayensi izinkolelo zenkolo. Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo Deborah Kelemen, umbhali kanye naye wocwaningo, uveza ukuthi lokhu okutholakele kusiza ekuqondeni izici zomhlaba wonke zokuqaphela komuntu.
Iqiniso lokuthi izingane ezincane ziyakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kokuba khona ngokomzimba nokuphila ngokomzwelo liqinisa umqondo wokuthi umbono wokungafi. kungase kungatholakali ngempela, kodwa kungaba yingxenye yendlela esicubungula ngayo iqiniso kusukela sisebancane.
Ngabe lokhu kuwathinta kanjani amasiko nomphakathi wethu?
Izinkolelo ze-pre-life kanye nokungafi ziye zaba nomthelela ezinkolweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinganekwane kuwo wonke umlando. Kusukela embonweni wokuphindukuzalwa eBuddhism kuya embonweni wobuKristu womphefumulo waphakade, isintu sithuthukise ukulandisa okuyinkimbinkimbi ukuze ukwenza umqondo wale mizwa enembile.
Ngisho nasemiphakathini eminingi yezwe, okuhlangenwe nakho kokufa kanye nemibono mayelana nokuphila ngemva kokufa kuseyisihloko sempikiswano. intshisekelo nokuzindla. Lokhu kubonakala nasezincwadini, kuma-cinema kanye nobuciko, lapho umqondo wengunaphakade uphindaphinda khona.
Imithelela yesikhathi esizayo yalolu cwaningo
Uma ukukholelwa kokungafi kunengqondo futhi kuvela ebuntwaneni, lokhu kunamuphi umthelela emfundweni nasekukhuleni kwezingane? Ukuqonda indlela abantu abayakha ngayo imibono yethu ngobukhona kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukufundisa isayensi, ifilosofi nengokomoya ebuntwaneni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba nomthelela endleleni izingane ezibhekana ngayo nokufa nosizi, kusivumele ukuba sithuthukise izindlela zemfundo ezibanzi nezivumelana nezimo. Singaziqinisekisa kanjani lezi zinkolelo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukucabanga okujulile? Lena imibuzo othisha nongoti bezengqondo abangayihlola esikhathini esizayo.
Lolu cwaningo lusikhumbuza ukuthi abantu banesidingo esikhulu siqonde ubukhona bethu. Ingqondo yomntwana, kanye nekhono layo lokucabanga ukuphila okuphakade, isibonisa ukuthi ukufuna incazelo kuyisici esiyisisekelo semvelo yethu.
