Umthelela wethelevishini ebuchosheni bengane: imiphumela kanye nemiphumela

Umthelela wethelevishini ebuchosheni bengane Kuyisihloko esidale ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabazali, othisha nososayensi. Isikhathi sesikrini esiningi kakhulu singaphazamisa ukukhula kwe-neurocognitive yezingane, kuthinte izindawo zazo ezibalulekile ukufunda, ikhono lokukhuluma, ukunaka kanye nokuziphatha komphakathi.

Indlela ithelevishini ekuthinta ngayo ukwakheka kobuchopho bezingane

Ukuhlola okwenziwa yiYunivesithi yaseTohoku eJapane kuhlola indlela ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kuthelevishini okungasishintsha ngayo ukwakheka kobuchopho bezingane. I-MRIs yezingane ezingu-276 ezineminyaka engu-5 kuya ku-18 iveze ukuthi labo abachitha isikhathi esiningi phambi kwesikrini baye banda grey welobe yangaphambili, okuthi ngokuxakayo, ihlotshaniswe nekhono lokukhuluma eliphansi. Lokhu kugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda ukuthi kanjani futhi izingane ziyafunda endaweni yakho.

Uphenyo oluhlukahlukene lubonise ukuthi ubuchopho bengane bukhula njalo, futhi budlulele ukuvuselela okubonakalayo okusheshayo kungabangela izinkinga zokuzijwayeza empilweni yangempela. Izingane ezijwayele izinguquko ezisheshayo kuthelevishini zingase zibe nobunzima bokugxila emisebenzini edinga ijubane eliphansi, njengokufunda noma ukufunda ekilasini.

Umthelela empilweni yemizwa nengokwenyama

Ngaphezu kwemiphumela yekhono lokukhuluma nelokucabanga, Ukubuka ithelevishini ngokweqile kuthinta impilo engokomzwelo yezingane. Ngenxa yokukhuthazwa okuphakeme okubukwayo, izingane zingase zibe nokubekezelela okuphansi kwesithukuthezi, okuthinta ubuhlakani bazo kanye nekhono lokudlala ngokuzimela, isici esibalulekile ku Ukuthuthukiswa kwemizwelo okobuntwana.

Izinkinga zokulala

Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside ezikrinini ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokulala kuthinta ikhwalithi yokulala. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okuvela ezikrinini kuphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwe melatonin, okwenza kube nzima ukulala futhi kungabangela izinkinga ekukhuleni nasekuziphatheni kwengane.

Ubudlelwano bezenhlalo kanye nokuziphatha

Izingane ezibuka kakhulu ithelevishini zivame ukusebenzisana kancane nomndeni nabangane, okunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwazo komphakathi. Esikhundleni sokufunda ukuhumusha imizwa yabantu ekusebenzelaneni kwangempela, bavezwa kuyo izisusa zokwenziwa ezingadingi ukusabela okuqotho ngokomzwelo. Lesi simo singaba nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwakho futhi ezenhlalo.

Imiphumela yesikhathi eside: ukunaka nokufunda

Ukuhlukumeza isikrini kuxhunyaniswe nokwanda kwamacala izinkinga zokunaka. Izingane ezichitha isikhathi esiningi zisebenzisa okuqukethwe kwedijithali zingase zibe nobunzima bokuhlale zigxile emisebenzini ende esikoleni.

• Izinguquko ezisheshayo ezinhlelweni zethelevishini zingabangela izingane ukuba zilindele izinga elifanayo lokukhuthazwa endaweni yazo yansuku zonke, kwenze kube nzima ukugxila emisebenzini engaguquki kangako.
• Ukuchayeka ngokweqile ezikrinini kuye kwaxhunyaniswa nokwanda kwezimpawu ezihambisana nakho I-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
• Ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi izingane ezibukela ithelevishini kakhulu ziye amakhono okufunda aphansi kanye nesilulumagama esincane, njengoba isikhathi esinikelwe ekukhulumeni nasekufundeni sinciphile. Lokhu kuhambisana nomthelela wokuthi i ukufunda ekuthuthukisweni kwayo.

Izenzo zokunciphisa umthelela omubi wethelevishini

Nakuba ithelevishini nezikrini kuyingxenye yempilo yesimanje, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kufanele kulawulwe ukuze kugwenywe imiphumela eyingozi ekukhuleni kwengane.

1. Khawulela isikhathi sesikrini: I-American Academy of Pediatrics incoma ukuthi izingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwemibili zigweme izikrini ngokuphelele, kuyilapho izingane ezineminyaka engu-2 kuya ku-5, isikhathi kufanele silinganiselwe ihora nsuku zonke.
2. Khuthaza imisebenzi engaphandle kwesikrini: Ukudlala okungokomfanekiso, ukufunda, nokuxhumana nezinye izingane kuyasiza ukukhula amakhono okuqonda, ezenhlalo kanye nemizwa kubalulekile.
3. Gwema izikrini ngaphambi kokulala: Ukuqinisekisa ukulala okuzolile, kuyatuseka ukuthi uvale wonke amadivayisi okungenani ihora ngaphambi kokulala.
4. Khetha okuqukethwe kwezemfundo: Akuzona zonke izinhlelo zethelevishini eziyingozi. Kunokuqukethwe okuklanyelwe ukugqugquzela ukufunda kanye ukucabanga okubucayi Ezinganeni.
5. Khuthaza ukusebenzisana komndeni: Ukubuka ithelevishini njengomndeni nokuxoxa ngokuqukethwe kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda futhi kuthuthukise iso elibucayi ezinganeni.

Umthelela wethelevishini ebuchosheni bengane awunakuphikwa, kodwa ngokusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni nokugadwayo, imiphumela yayo emibi ingancishiswa futhi kuthuthukiswe amakhono abalulekile ngokukhula kwayo.

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