I-Autism iyakhuluma yinhlangano engenzi nzuzo ezinikele ocwaningweni nasekuqwashiseni nge-autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Umsebenzi wabo uhlanganisa izifundo zokuxhasa ngezimali izimbangela, ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwe-autism, kanye nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila labantu abane ASD kanye nemindeni yabo.
Kungani kubalulekile ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwe-autism?
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ekwelapheni i-autism ukutholwa kusenesikhathi. the isilinganiso seminyaka yokuxilongwa iphakathi kweminyaka emi-4 nengu-5, kodwa ukuxilongwa okuthembekile kungenziwa phakathi Izinyanga ezi-18 nezine. Lokhu kwenza ukungenelela kusenesikhathi okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukukhula kwengane.
Nokho, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa lokho Izingane eziphuma emindenini ehola kancane, kanye naleyo yasemiphakathini yase-Afrika-yaseMelika kanye neyama-Hispanic, ivame ukutholakala kamuva kunesilinganiso sikazwelonke. Lokhu kungase kubambezele amathuba ukungenelela kanye nokwelashwa okufanele.
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-autism ezinganeni nasezinsaneni
Kubalulekile ukuthi i- abazali futhi abanakekeli bayazazi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ze-autism ukuze benze okuthile ngesikhathi. Nazi ezinye Izimpawu kubalulekile ngeminyaka:
Ngezinyanga eziyi-6
- Ukumamatheka okumbalwa noma akukho noma ezinye izinkulumo ezijabulisayo, ezihehayo.
- Ukuntula ukuthintana kwamehlo noma ukuthintana kwamehlo okulinganiselwe.
Ngezinyanga eziyi-9
- Ukusabela okuncane noma okungekho nhlobo kokuzwayo noma okubonakalayo okuvela kubazali.
- Ukufana okuncane noma akukho nhlobo ebusweni noma imisindo.
Ngezinyanga eziyi-12
- Ukubhibhidla okuncane noma cha.
- Ukuntuleka kokuthinta umzimba njengokukhomba, ukukhombisa izinto noma ukunyakazisa izandla.
- Akaphenduli uma ebizwa ngegama.
Ngezinyanga eziyi-16
- Akasho lutho.
Ngezinyanga eziyi-24
- Ayakhi umusho wamagama amabili anencazelo.
Izimpawu ze-autism kunoma iyiphi iminyaka
- Ukwehla emakhonweni atholwe ngaphambilini (njengenkulumo noma amakhono okuxhumana nabantu).
- Gwema njalo ukuthintana kwamehlo.
- Ubunzima bokuqonda imizwa yabanye.
- Izintshisekelo ezikhawulelwe noma ukuziphatha okuphindaphindayo (ukunyakazisa, ukubhakuzisa isandla, ukuphotha, njll.)
- Ukuzwela okwedlulele noma okungajwayelekile kokushukumisa izinzwa (izibani, imisindo, ukwakheka, okuthandayo, njll.).
Umthelela wokutholwa sekwephuzile ekuthuthukisweni
Ukutholwa kwe-autism kwasekuqaleni, kulapho ukungenelela okusebenza ngempumelelo. Ucwaningo selukhombisile ukuthi izingane ezisheshe zixilongwe zingazuza kakhulu kukho izindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile, njengokwelashwa okujulile kokuziphatha, ukungenelela kolimi, nezinhlelo zemfundo eziklanyelwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuntula ulwazi kanye nokubambezeleka ekuboneni i-autism kungaholela ezinkingeni ezengeziwe, njenge ubunzima ekuhlanganisweni komphakathi, ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka noma izinkinga zokuziphatha ezibangelwa ukungakwazi ukuqonda indawo ezizungezile.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-autism?
- Khuluma nodokotela wezingane. Isicelo a ukuhlolwa kokuthuthuka kwengane.
- Yenza izivivinyo zokuhlola. Kukhona imibuzo efana nale M-CHAT-R, esebenza njengesihlungi sokuqala.
- Funa usizo olukhethekile. Xhumana nodokotela wezinzwa zezingane, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo yezingane, noma umelaphi ogxile ku-ASD.
- Finyelela ezinhlelweni zokungenelela kusenesikhathi. Uma kusheshe kuqalwe ukwelashwa, imiphumela izoba ngcono.
Indima ye-Autism Ikhuluma ekuqwashiseni nge-autism
I-Autism Speaks yethulwe a umkhankaso wokuqwashisa obizwa ngokuthi “Mhlawumbe”, egxile ekwaziseni abazali base-Hispanic nabase-Afrika-baseMelika ngokubaluleka kokuhlonza izimpawu ze-autism ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Lolu hlelo lusabela esidingweni sokunciphisa igebe ekuxilongweni phakathi kwemiphakathi eyahlukene.
Umkhankaso uhlanganisa izinto zokulalelwayo nokubonwayo, imihlahlandlela enolwazi nezinsiza ezifinyeleleka ngezilimi ezimbalwa, ukuze kube lula ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nosesho losekelo emindenini enokufinyelela okuncane olwazini lwezokwelapha.
Uma uthole lolu lwazi luwusizo, sicela wabelane ngalo nabanye abazali abangase bakudinge!
Khomba ifayela le- izimpawu ze-autism ezinganeni kusukela zisencane kubalulekile ukubanikeza amathuluzi adingekayo ukuze uthuthuke kahle. Ukuqwashisa kanye nokwenza kusenesikhathi kungenza umehluko omkhulu ezimpilweni zezingane ezine ASD nemindeni yazo.