Uguquko ekwelashweni kwe-hepatitis C: ama-antiviral amasha kanye nethemba lokwelapha

  • I-Hepatitis C ihlasela izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele futhi ezimweni eziningi azivezi izimpawu kuze kube yizigaba ezithuthukile.
  • Imithi emisha esebenza ngqo elwa namagciwane Baguqule ukwelashwa, bathola amazinga okwelapha afika ku-97%.
  • Ukufinyelela emithini kuseyinselelo emazweni amaningi ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphakeme.
  • Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu ezifana ne-cirrhosis nomdlavuza wesibindi.
Daniel

Imizuzu ye-4

Umuthi omusha we-hepatitis C

Ochwepheshe bamemezele ukuthi ukuphela kwe -hepatitis C sekuseduze. Ukuvela kwezindlela zokwelapha ezintsha kanye nemithi emisha kushintshe isimo salesi sifo, kunikeza ithemba langempela ezigidini zabantu abathintekile emhlabeni wonke. Phakathi kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha, ukuthuthukiswa kwe- Sovaldi (sofosbuvir), umuthi olwa namagciwane osebenza ngqo, kuvelele futhi kuye kwadunyiswa "njengoshintsho" ekwelapheni lesi sifo.

Iyini i-hepatitis C?

I-Hepatitis C yisifo esibangelwa yigciwane esidluliselwa ngegazi esithinta isibindi . Saqala ukutholakala ngo-1989, kusukela lapho saba esinye sezimbangela eziphambili zesifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona emhlabeni jikelele. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abayizigidi ezingu-71 okwamanje baphila nokutheleleka kwegciwane le-hepatitis C elingamahlalakhona (i-HCV).

Leli gciwane lihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziyisithupha eziyinhloko ze-genotype , kanti izinhlobo ze-genotype 1 no-3 ziyizona ezivame kakhulu. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-genotype lusabela ngendlela ehlukile ekwelashweni, okwenze kwaba nzima ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwaze kwaba yilapho kufika ama-antiviral asebenza ngqo (ama-DAA).

Amamodi okudlulisela kanye nezici zobungozi

I-Hepatitis C isakazeka kakhulu ngokuxhumana negazi elinegciwane . Izici eziyinhloko eziyingozi zifaka:

  • Ukumpontshelwa igazi noma izinqubo zokwelapha ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezanele zokuvala inzalo ngaphambi kuka-1989.
  • Ukwabelana nge amanzi ekusebenziseni izidakamizwa ngomjovo.
  • Ama-tattoos noma ukubhoboza okwenziwe ngemishini engeyona inyumba.
  • Ukudluliselwa kusuka kumama kuya enganeni ngesikhathi sokubeletha (nakuba kungavamile).
  • Ubuhlobo bobulili ngokushintshana kwegazi uma kunezilonda noma izilonda.

Izimpawu kanye nezinkinga ze-hepatitis C

Iningi labantu abangenwe yisifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C alizibonisi izimpawu iminyaka eminingi, okwenza kube nzima ukuxilonga lesi sifo sisaqala. Kodwa-ke, uma ingelashwa, ingabangela:

  • Ukuvuvukala isifo sesibindi esingamahlalakhona.
  • I-Cirrhosis isibindi.
  • Umdlavuza wesibindi.
  • Ukwehluleka kwesibindi.

Eqinisweni, isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C manje sibulala abantu abaningi kunezifo ezihlobene ne-HIV, okugcizelela ukubaluleka kokutholwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Inguquko ekwelapheni i-hepatitis C

Kuze kube muva nje, ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kwe-hepatitis C kwakuqukethe i-interferon ne-ribavirin , okwakunezinga elilinganiselwe lempumelelo kanye nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile. Kodwa-ke, ngokufika kwemithi emisha yokulwa namagciwane esebenza ngqo, iziguli manje sezingakhetha ukwelashwa okusebenzayo nokubekezelelwa kangcono.

Enye yentuthuko evelele kakhulu kulo mkhakha kube ukuthuthukiswa kwe- sofosbuvir (Sovaldi), umuthi, ohlanganiswe neminye imithi yokulwa namagciwane, oye wafinyelela amazinga okuphulukisa afinyelela ku- 97% ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo.

Ama-antiviral asebenza ngqo

Imithi emisha yesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C iye yashintsha indlela lesi sifo esingelashwa ngayo. Ezinye zezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

  • I-Sofosbuvir (Sovaldi): I-inhibitor ye- I-NS5B polymerase lokho kuvimbela ukuphindaphinda kwegciwane.
  • I-Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir (Harvoni): Inhlanganisela ehlasela amaphuzu amaningi kumjikelezo wempilo yegciwane.
  • I-Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir (Epclusa): Isebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-HCV.
  • I-Ravidasvir: Umuthi osathuthukayo, ohlanganiswe ne-sofosbuvir, obonise izinga lokwelapha 97% ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo.

Izinzuzo zokwelashwa okusha

Ama-antiviral amasha anikeza izinzuzo eziningi eziye zashintsha kakhulu ukwelashwa kwe-hepatitis C:

  1. Amazinga aphezulu okwelapha: Adlula ama-90%, afinyelela ku-97% kwezinye izimo.
  2. Imithelela Emincane Emincane: Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-interferon ne-ribavirin, zibekezelelwa kakhulu.
  3. Ukwelashwa okufushane: Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zithatha amasonto angu-12 kuphela.
  4. Ukusebenza kuma-genotypes amaningi: Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-Epclusa zingaphatha zonke izinhlobo zegciwane.

Izinselele ekulweni ne-hepatitis C

Naphezu kwalezi ntuthuko, kusenezinselelo ezibalulekile ekuqedweni kwesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo C, ikakhulukazi esihlobene nalokhu:

  • Ukufinyelela ekwelashweni: Izindleko eziphezulu zemithi zihlala ziyisithiyo emazweni amaningi.
  • Ukuntuleka kokuxilongwa: Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngaphezu kwe- 50% iziguli ezine-hepatitis C aziqapheli ukuthi zinegciwane.
  • Amasu okuthola: Kubalulekile ukwenza izinhlelo ukuhlolwa ngobuningi ukuhlonza amacala angahloliwe.

Ukubaluleka kokutholwa kusenesikhathi

Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwe-hepatitis C kuyisihluthulelo sokuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu. Kukhona ukuhlolwa kokuhlola okufana nalokhu:

  • Ukuhlolwa kokutholwa kwe-antibody: Ikhomba ukuthi ngabe umuntu uke wahlangana naleli gciwane.
  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-HCV RNA: Inquma ukuthi ukutheleleka kuyasebenza yini emzimbeni.
  • I-Genotyping: Khomba uhlobo lwegciwane ukuze ukhethe ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Ongoti batusa ukuthi bonke abantu abasengozini bahlole lezi zivivinyo ukuze ukwelashwa kuqalwe ngesikhathi.

I-athikili ehlobene:
Imiphumela emibi ye-heroin kanye nokwelashwa komlutha

Ngokuthuthuka kwezokwelapha kanye nokuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kokutholwa kusenesikhathi, i-hepatitis C ingaqedwa emashumini eminyaka ezayo. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ekufinyeleleni kwemithi kanye nokuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zokuhlola ukuze kuzuzwe le nhloso yomhlaba wonke.


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