Abantu abaningi ku-intanethi bayasesha imininingwane yokuthi ungaba kanjani isazi sokusebenza kwengqondoumsebenzi ohlose ukusiza abantu abanezinkinga ngokomzwelo, zokuziphatha, noma zokuziphatha futhi bafunde ngazo ngokwesayensi. Ngaleso sizathu, kusukela Izinsiza zokuzisiza Sifuna ukubambisana ngokukulethela ulwazi oluwusizo ngalo msebenzi; ukuze labo abanesifiso sokufunda lo msebenzi bakwazi ukuthola yonke imininingwane engaba khona, kokubili yezemfundo neyomthetho, yezemisebenzi kanye neyomsebenzi.
Ochwepheshe bezengqondo bangakwazi futhi ukugxila ezindaweni ezahlukene, njengokuthi i-psychology yomtholampilo, isayensi yezempilo ejwayelekileI-psychology yezimboni noma yomsebenzi, i-psychology yezenhlalo, i-psychology yezemfundo, i-neuropsychology, i-psychology yezemidlalo, phakathi kwezinye. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akufanele kudidaniswe neminye imisebenzi efana nomeluleki, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ongenalo uqeqesho olusemthethweni, isisebenzi sezenhlalo, isazi sezengqondo, noma udokotela wezengqondoIndima ngayinye inemisebenzi ehlukene kanye nezidingo zokuqeqeshwa, ngakho-ke, uma intshisekelo yakho funda i-psychology futhi uzijwayeze njengososayensi wengqondoKufanele ucabangele lolu lwazi.
Thola ukuthi ungaba kanjani isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo
Ukuze ube yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, okungenani eSpain, kuyadingeka ukuba ube nesazi sokusebenza kwengqondo iziqu zaseyunivesithi ezisemthethweni kwezengqondo, obeye aziwe njengo iziqu ze-psychology (iziqu zangaphambilini) noma iziqu ze-psychology (iziqu zamanje). Lesi yiziqu zaseyunivesithi ezitholakala emanyuvesi amaningana ezweni futhi esizoxoxa ngazo kulo lonke lolu hlu, kanye nezidingo zomthetho zokuzijwayeza kanye nobuchwepheshe obungaba khona.
Ngaphezu kwemfundo yaseyunivesithi, ngokweSpanishi kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi Akuzona zonke imisebenzi ehlobene nokusebenza kwengqondo ebhekwa njengemisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwempilo.Ukuze usebenze emkhakheni wezempilo yengqondo futhi unikeze iziguli ukunakekelwa kwempilo kochwepheshe, kudingeka iziqu ezithile. iziqu ezithile njenge Isihloko Sesazi Sengqondo Sezempilo Ejwayelekile noma ubuchwepheshe kwi-Clinical Psychology obutholakala nge-PIR, kanye nokubhaliswa kumarejista ochwepheshe nasemakolishi.
Izici zomsebenzi wezengqondo
- Eyunivesithi i Iziqu ze-Bachelor kwezengqondo Ihlala cishe iminyaka emine (amakhredithi angu-240 e-ECTS). Uhlelo lwezifundo luhlanganisa izifundo eziyisisekelo neziphoqelekile ku- izinqubo eziyisisekelo zengqondo, intuthuko, ubuntu, i-psychopathology, i-neuroscience, indlela kanye nokuhlola, phakathi kokunye okuningi.
- Kusukela onyakeni wesithathu noma wesine kuqhubeke, abafundi kudingeka bakwenze ama-internship ezikhungweni zezempilo, ezikhungweni zemfundo, ezinkampanini, ezinsizeni zomphakathi noma kwezinye izinsiza, kanye nasekuthuthukiseni Iphrojekthi Yeziqu Zokugcina lapho indlela yesayensi isetshenziswa khona esihlokweni esithile.
- Ngemva kokuqeda iziqu, kunconywa gxila endaweni ethile ezizodonsa ukunaka komfundi, njengalezo ezishiwo ngenhla: ezempilo, ezemfundo, ezenhlalo, ezokusebenza kanye nezengqondo zenhlangano, i-neuropsychologyI-psychology yengane, i-psychology yezemidlalo, phakathi kwezinye. Lokhu kukhethekile kuvame ukulandelwa ngeziqu ze-master kanye nezinhlelo ze-postgraduate.
- Umsebenzi wezazi zengqondo uwukuthi ukufunda ukuziphatha kanye nezinqubo zengqondo ezikhula engqondweni yomuntu, zisize iziguli ezinobunzima ezingase zibhekane nabo kuzo zombili izici, zinikeze usizo kubantu ngabanye, futhi zenze ucwaningo ngentuthuko yesayensi neyezenhlalo. Kuye ngomkhakha womsebenzi, zingase zingenelele ezingeni leqembu, lomphakathi, noma lenhlangano.
- Umholo wochwepheshe abaneziqu ze-psychology ungahluka phakathi amaholo okuqala aphakathi nendawo kanye nesinxephezelo esiphezulu Njengoba ulwazi lutholakala, ulwazi olukhethekile luyaqongelelwa, futhi izikhundla zomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu ziyafinyelelwa. Inani lingaba isilinganiso, ukwehla, noma ukwanda kuye ngokuthi umsebenzi uqhutshwa kanjani, uhlobo lwenkontileka, umkhakha (womphakathi noma ozimele), kanye nomphakathi ozimele.
Yini okudingeka uyifunde ukuze ube yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo?
Indlela ejwayelekile yezemfundo yokuba yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo eSpain iqala ngo Ukufinyelela eNyuvesiIndlela evame kakhulu ihilela ukuqeda imfundo yamabanga aphezulu ephoqelekile (i-ESO), imfundo yamabanga aphezulu (i-Bachillerato), bese ubhala isivivinyo sokungenela eyunivesithi, esizonquma ukuthi yikuphi Ibanga lokungena ongancintisana nawo ukuze ungene ohlelweni lweziqu zePsychology.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthola iziqu ze-psychology kusuka ku- Izinga Eliphakeme Lokuqeqeshwa Kwezandlauma nje isilinganiso samamaki sohlelo sivumela umfundi ukuthi afinyelele ibanga lokugcina leyunivesithi ayifunayo. Kulesi simo, ibanga eliphakeme libalwa ku-10, kanti endleleni ye-Baccalaureate kanye nomzila wokuhlolwa kokungena ingafinyelela ku-14.
Emanyuvesi amaningi, lezi ziqu zinikezwa kuzo zombili indlela yomuntu njengoba ku indlela yokufunda ku-inthanethi noma ibangaIfomethi yokufunda ibanga iwusizo kakhulu kubantu abasebenzisa Bayasebenza, banemithwalo yemfanelo yomndeni, noma badinga ukulinganisela izifundo kanye neminye imisebenziIsihluthulelo ukuhleleka, ukuphatha isikhathi sakho kahle, nokuba noxhumano lwe-inthanethi ukuze ulandele izifundo, imisebenzi, kanye nokuhlolwa.
Izifundo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa okuhlukile ukukhulunywa ngakho noma izinkambo ezifundweni zakamuva, njenge-Health Psychology, I-psychology yezemfundoIzifundo Zezenhlalo, Ezabasebenzi Nezenhlangano, Ukungenelela Kwezokwelapha, Ubugebengu, noma ezinye. Ukukhetha enye noma enye indlela kuvumela qondisa iphrofayili yobungcweti maqondana nensimu ethile, yize isisekelo sedigri sihlala siyinto evamile.
Ungayifundaphi Psychology eSpain nakwamanye amazwe?
Kunenqwaba yamanyuvesi lapho kungenzeka khona ukufunda khona iziqu ze-psychologyKodwa-ke, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinketho, kuyalulekwa ukuthi kubukezwe izici ezifana ne- ikhwalithi yekharikhulamu, amakhono anikezwayo, ukuqeqeshwa emsebenzini, ithuba lokuhamba kwamanye amazwe kanye nendlela yokusebenza (ngobuso nobuso noma ku-inthanethi).
ESpain, amanyuvesi adumile kakhulu okufunda lesi sifundo afaka phakathi izikhungo zomphakathi nezizimele ezisakazeke emiphakathini eyahlukene ezizimele. Phakathi kwazo, i-Autonomous University of Madrid, i-Complutense University of Madrid, i-University of Barcelona, i-Autonomous University of Barcelona, i-University of Granada, kanye ne-University of Valencia kuvame ukukhulunywa ngazo, phakathi kwezinye eziningi. Ngayinye ingaba nayo amaphuzu ahlukene okunqunywa, izindlela, kanye nezinsizakusebenzaNgakho-ke, kuyalulekwa ukuqhathanisa ngaphambi kokunquma.
Uma usezweni elingaphandle, ungenza usesho olulula ku-Google ukuze uthole ulwazi olufanayo, njengokuthi "amayunivesithi amahle kakhulu okufunda ngengqondo eMexico" noma ezweni elithile lapho uhlala khona. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi Isiqu kumele siqashelwe yiziphathimandla zemfundo. nokuthi, uma uhlela ukusebenza kwelinye izwe, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqashelwa noma ukuhlangana ezweni oya kulo.
Uma kwenzeka abantu abathole iziqu zabo ze-psychology ngaphandle kweSpain futhi befisa ukuzijwayeza lapha, inqubo ivame ukudingeka. ukuhlanganiswa noma ukumenyezelwa kokulinganaLe nqubo ibheka ubude bezifundo, amakhredithi athathiwe, okuqukethwe kwezempilo, ukuqeqeshwa okwenziwe kanye nezinye izindlela ezibekwe ngumthetho waseSpain.
Izidingo zokusebenza njengodokotela wengqondo eSpain
Ngaphezu kokufundela iziqu, ukusebenza njengochwepheshe wengqondo eSpain Kunezidingo eziningana okumele zihlangatshezwe, ezingase zihluke kancane kuye ngokuthi umsebenzi uqhutshwa kanjani kanye nomphakathi ozimele:
- Ukuqeqeshwa okusemthethweni kwezemfundoKubalulekile ukuba ne- Iziqu zaseyunivesithi ezisemthethweni kwezengqondo (izinga noma elilingana nalo) eliqashelwa uMnyango Wezemfundo. Uma kuneziqu zakwamanye amazwe, kudingeka ukuqinisekiswa noma isimemezelo sokulingana okuhambisanayo.
- UbulunguUkuze usebenze njengososayensi wengqondo, kuyadingeka ubhaliswe neKolishi Elisemthethweni Labezengqondo (njengamanje i-General Council of Psychology) noma inhlangano yobungcweti yomphakathi ozimele lapho ufisa ukusebenza khona. Ubulungu buhlinzeka ngokuqashelwa kobungcweti, ukufinyelela izinsiza, imfundo eqhubekayo, kanye nokusekelwa kokuziphatha kanye nobungcweti.
- Ubuchwepheshe kwezokwelapha kwengqondo: ukusebenza ku- inkambu yezempilo (indawo yezempilo yangasese, izikhungo zezempilo, imitholampilo, izibhedlela, njll.) idinga imvume ethile: Isihloko Sesazi Sengqondo Sezempilo Ejwayelekile o Ubuchwepheshe ku-Clinical Psychology nge-PIR.
- Ukubhaliswa kwezempiloUma usebenza emkhakheni wezempilo, kumele ubhaliswe ku- irejista yochwepheshe bezempilo okuhambisanayo futhi, uma kuziwa ezikhungweni nasemakliniki, ukugunyazwa kwezempilo ekhishwe yigunya elifanele.
- Umshuwalense wesikweletuNakuba kungadingeki njalo ngokomthetho, ukuba nayo kuyanconywa kakhulu. umshwalense wobungcweti esihlanganisa izimangalo ezingaba khona zomonakalo noma ukulahlekelwa okubangelwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwengqondo.
Kuye ngobuchwepheshe bakho kanye nokuthi usebenza kuphi, kungase kube nezinye izidingo ezithile: ikhono lolimi eliqinisekisiwe Uma ulimi lwakho lwendabuko lungeyona iSpanishi, udinga ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile ukuze usebenze namaqembu athile, izitifiketi zokusebenza nezingane ezincane, njll.
I-psychology yezokwelapha kanye ne-psychology yezempilo jikelele
Ngaphakathi kwensimu yezokwelapha kwengqondo eSpain, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezibalo ezimbili eziyisisekelo: isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo futhi i isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kwezempilo jikeleleZombili zisebenza ngezinkinga zempilo yengqondo, kodwa zinayo izindlela ezahlukene zokuqeqesha kanye nezindlela zokuqeqesha.
El isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo ingakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo kulo lonke uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwempilo lukahulumeni nolwangasese, okuhlanganisa izibhedlela, izikhungo ezikhethekile, kanye namayunithi ezempilo yengqondo. Ukuze uthole lokhu okukhethekile, kufanele:
- Iba ne iziqu ze-psychology (noma ezinye iziqu ezilinganayo). Uma kuyiziqu zakwamanye amazwe, kumele ziqashelwe noma ziqinisekiswe.
- ukunqoba i Ukuhlolwa kwe-Resident Psychologist (PIR), inqubo yokukhetha enzima kakhulu ebizwe uMnyango Wezempilo.
- Yenza a ukuqeqeshwa kokuhlala iminyaka emine ohlelweni lwezempilo, lapho umkhuba wezokwelapha oqondisiwe kanye nokuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kwethiyori kuhlanganiswa khona.
El isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kwezempilo jikeleleNgokwalo, lunikezelwe ku ukukhuthaza impilo nokuvimbela ukugula kwengqondo Emkhakheni wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ozimele kanye nasezikhungweni ezithile, kodwa abakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile ebekelwe ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha noma ukusebenza njengochwepheshe ohlelweni lwezokunakekelwa kwempilo yomphakathi. Ukuze usebenze njengodokotela wezifo zengqondo jikelele, okulandelayo kuyadingeka:
- Ngemva kokuqeda iziqu ze-psychology (noma iziqu ezihlanganisiwe ezinezikweletu zezempilo ezanele).
- Ukuqedela nokudlulisa Iziqu zeMasters ezisemthethweni ku-General Health Psychology, ngomthwalo wesikweletu omncane kanye nemikhuba yezempilo esungulwe yimithethonqubo.
- Bhalisa enhlanganweni yochwepheshe efanele futhi uhambisane nezimfuneko zokubhalisa kwezempilo lapho kufanele khona.
Yiziphi izici okufanele uzifeze ukuze ube isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo?
Akuyena nje umuntu okhethelwe ukuba yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, njengoba kungumsebenzi izidingo zezimfanelo njengoba ukuzithiba, uzwela, ubuqotho, amakhono okuxhumana, ukuzihlola, kanye nomqondo ovulekileNgezansi, sichaza lezi zimfanelo ngokuningiliziwe ukuze ukwazi hlola ukuthi umsebenzi ofanele yini kuwe.
- Uchwepheshe kumele abe amakhono avumela ukuxhumana okuhle neziguli zabo; kanye nekhono lokuqonda Ulimi lomzimba, izinkulumo ezingokomzwelo, kanye nokuthula futhi iveza imizwa yokuzola, ukuzethemba nokuthula.
- Kumele ube nayo ubuqotho bomuntu siqu nobungcweti kanye nokubonisa labo abathola ukunakekelwa ukuthi bangaba nokuzethemba okuphelele kokwabelana nganoma yisiphi isipiliyoni ngaphandle kokwesaba. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlonipha imfihlo, ukunamathela ezimisweni zokuziphatha, kanye nokuvumelana phakathi kwemicabango, amazwi, nezenzo.
- Ukuze ube ngomunye wabo, udinga ukuba onomqondo ovulekileNjengoba abantu abafuna usizo lochwepheshe bevame ukufuna ukuveza imibono noma imicabango yabo ngaphandle kokwahlulela, futhi izinkolelo noma ukuziphatha okuningi kubhekwa “njengokuvinjelwa” emphakathini, leli khwalithi lizovumela uchwepheshe ukuthi aqonde izizathu zokuziphatha futhi enze kube lula ukuxhumana nesiguli.
- Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu yi- ukuzithiba ngokomzweloUdokotela wengqondo akufanele akhale, athukuthele, noma abonise ukuthi ukhungathekiswe kangakanani yisimo esichazwe yisiguli, njengoba lokhu kungeke kube yisibonelo esihle. Umgomo ukukwazi ukulawula imizwa yakho ukuhlala uwusizo futhi uzinzile phakathi neseshini.
- Ekugcineni, nokuba yinsika eyisisekelo yomsebenzi, udinga ukuba nozwelaAkwanele ukucabanga nje ukuthi umuntu angase azizwe kanjani; kubalulekile ukuya phambili uzibeke ezicathulweni zeziguli. Ngokuqonda okujulile, izinto zizoba lula. ukungenelela okuklanyelwe wena izidingo zakho.
Ezinye izimfanelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwengqondo yilezi: amakhono okuhlaziya nokuxilongaukucabanga okujulile, isineke, ukubekezelela ukukhungatheka, kanye nesithakazelo ku ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayoI-Psychology iwumkhakha ohlala ushintsha, ngakho ochwepheshe kumele bazimisele ukuqhubeka nokufunda kuyo yonke imisebenzi yabo.
Ungaba kanjani isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esikhethekile kwenye indawo?
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni kwesihloko, kunezindawo eziningana lapho isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo singazikhethela khona. Okokuqala, kumele ukuthi sebeqedile iziqu ze-bachelor kwezengqondo; bese kuzodingeka bathole indawo yokufunda... inkambo, i-master's noma i-postgraduate degree ku-specialty oyithandayookuvame ukutholakala ezikhungweni zokutadisha ezifanayo noma ezikhungweni ezigunyaziwe.
Iziqu ze-Masters zokukhetha zingahlukahluka kakhulu, phakathi kwazo esizitholayo Ukwelapha Ngengqondo Okuhlanganisiwe, I-Psychopathology Yezokwelapha Yezingane Nentsha, I-Psychology Yomsebenzi Neyenhlangano, I-Psycho-oncology I-Psychology Yezemidlalo Nomsebenzi WomzimbaI-Neuropsychology, Ukungenelela Komndeni Nokulamula, Ukungenelela Kwezemfundo Nokwengqondo, Ubuhlakani Bemizwa, Ukwelashwa Kwengqondo Kwengqondo, Ubuholi Bomuntu Siqu Nokuqeqesha...phakathi kwezinye izinto eziningi ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izitifiketi ezithile ngezindlela ezifana nokwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo, ukwelashwa okuhlelekile, ukungenelela kwezinkinga noma i-clinical neuropsychology, okuvumela ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwamasu athile.
Kulabo abafisa ukuzinikela ku- ukufundisa noma ucwaningo eyunivesithiNgemva kweziqu kanye, ezimweni eziningi, iziqu ze-master, kuvame ukunconywa ukwenza I-PhD ku-PsychologyLe nqubo yenezela iminyaka eminingana yokuqeqeshwa, igxile ekudalweni kolwazi olusha lwesayensi, izincwadi, kanye namaphrojekthi ocwaningo.
Ochwepheshe bezengqondo bathola amathuba emisebenzi e- izikhungo zempilo yengqondo, izibhedlela, imitholampilo yangasese, izikole, amanyuvesi, izinkampani, izinsizakalo zomphakathi, izinhlangano zezemidlalo, izikhungo zocwaningo kanye nezinsizakalo zokubonisanaBangavula nehhovisi labo lobuchwepheshe, behlala belandela izimfuneko zomthetho nezokuziphatha ezimisiwe.
Lonke lolu hambo lwezemfundo nolwezobuchwepheshe lusho ukuthi ukuba yisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo akukhona nje ukuthola iziqu, kodwa mayelana nokwakha indlela yomsebenzi, yezobuchwepheshe kanye neyabantu Ngokuhambisana nokuzibophezela ekunakekeleni impilo yengqondo yabantu kanye nenhlalakahle yabo. Uma unesifiso sokwazi ngengqondo yomuntu, ujabulele ukufunda okuqhubekayo, futhi ushukumiseleka ukusekela abanye ngezinqubo zabo zokushintsha, i-psychology ingaba inketho yomsebenzi ecebisa kakhulu kuwe nakulabo ozosebenza nabo kulo lonke umsebenzi wakho.
